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Anatomy > Appendicular Skeleton Upper > Flashcards

Appendicular Skeleton Upper Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton?

A

126

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2
Q

What makes up the pectoral/shoulder girdle?

A
  • clavicle/collarbone
  • scapula/shoulder blade
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3
Q

What does the shoulder girdle do?

A
  • provides attachment for upper limbs
  • provides muscle attachment
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4
Q

True of False
The scapula does NOT connect to the vertebral column?

A

True

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5
Q

What are the 8 bones in the right upper limb?

A
  • clavicle
  • scapula
  • humerus
  • radius
  • ulna
  • carpals
  • metacarpals
  • phalanges
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6
Q

Where does the clavicle attach?

A
  • attaches to manubrium
    and scapula
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7
Q

What view can we see clavicle attachment the best?

A

anterior view

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8
Q

What view can we best see the “S” shape in the clavicle?

A

superior view

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9
Q

What are the ends of the clavicle called?

A
  • sternal end/medial end
    (connects to sternum, the manubrium) (quadrangular in shape)
  • acromial end/lateral end
    (connects to the acromion in the scapula) (flatter in shape)
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10
Q

clavicle is divided in how many parts?

A

thirds

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11
Q

Where is the weakest part of the clavicle?

A
  • when it changes direction
  • medial 2/3 and lateral 1/3
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12
Q

What are the landmarks of the clavicle?

A
  1. conoid tubercle
    - attachement point for the coroclavicular ligament
    - found on the inferior lateral end of the clavicle
  2. Trapezoid line
    - found on the inferior lateral end of the clavicle
  3. impression for the costoclavicular ligament
    - found on the inferior medial end of the clavicle
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13
Q

The scapula articulates with the humerus at what joint?

A

glenohumeral joint

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14
Q

The scapula articulates with the clavicle at what joint?

A

acromioclavicular joint

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15
Q

What are the categories of things found in the scapula and how many?

A
  • 2 joints
  • 3 processes
  • 2 angles
  • 3 borders
  • 3 fossa
  • 1 notch
  • 1 cavity
  • 2 tubercles
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16
Q

What can we see on the scapula from the anterior point of view? (11)

A
  • acromion process
  • coracoid process
  • superior angle
  • inferior angle
  • lateral/axillary border
  • superior border
  • medial/vertebral border
  • subscapular fossa
  • scapular notch
  • glenoid cavity
  • infraglenoid tubercle
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17
Q

True or False
The subscapular fossa makes up majority of the anterior scapula?

A

True

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18
Q

What can we see on the scapula from the lateral point of view? (2 new, 2 clear, 4 old)

A
  • spine
  • supraglenoid tubercle
  • lateral/axillary border
  • glenoid cavity
  • infraglenoid tubercle
  • inferior angle
  • coracoid process
  • acromion process
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19
Q

What can we see on the scapula from the posterior point of view?

A
  • all three process
  • both angles
  • 3 borders
  • 2 fossa: supraspinous process and infraspinous process
  • glenoid cavity
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20
Q

What is the best view to see the spine process of the scapula?

A

posterior view

21
Q

How many bones are there in the upper limbs?

A

30

22
Q

What dictates the arm?

A

shoulder-elbow

23
Q

True or False?
The head of the humerus larger that the gelnoid cavity which it articulates with?

A

true

23
Q

What dictates the forearm?

A

elbow - wrist

24
Q

What is a common site for fracture in the humerus?

A

surgical neck

25
Q

What are the landmarks on the upper half of the humerus bone?

A
  • head
  • anatomical neck
  • surgical neck
  • greater tubercle (lateral bump) (three large facets of tendon attachment, for rotator cuff muscles)
    (i) superior facet - supraspinatus muscle
    (ii) middle facet - infrapinatus muscle
    (iii) inferior facet - teres minor muscle
  • lesser tubercle (anterior) (attaches to the subscapularis muscle)
  • inter-tubercular sulcus/ groove/ bicipital sulcus (lies between the two tubercles) (continues inferioraly on the proximal shaft of the humerus)
26
Q

What are the landmarks on the middle half of the humerus bone?

A
  • radial groove
  • deltoid tuberosity (bump on the lateral side)
27
Q

What are the 7 landmarks on the lower half of the humerus bone?

A
  1. coronoid fossa (anterior)
    - interacts with the coronoid on the ulna
  2. radial fossa (anterior)
    - interact with the head of the radius
  3. Olecranon fossa (posterior)
    -interacts with the olecranon on the ulna
  4. Trochlea (medial)
    - articulates with the ulna
    - pulley shape that extends onto the posterior surface
  5. Capitulum (lateral)
    - articulates with the radius
    - hemispherical in shape
  6. Medial epicondyle
  7. Lateral epicondyle
28
Q

What are the articular points on the condyle?

A
  • capitulum
  • trochlea
29
Q

What is the forearm made of?

A

radius and ulna

30
Q

Which forms most of the elbow joint with the humerus, the ulna or radius?

A

ulna

31
Q

What is found on the ulna and where?

A
  • olecranon (posterior)
  • coronoid process (anterior)
  • trochlear notch (anterior)
  • radial notch (anterior)
  • head (at the distal end)
  • ulnar styloid process (medial)
32
Q

What is found on the radius and where?

A
  • head (proximal)
  • neck
  • radial tuberosity (anterior)
  • ulnar notch
  • radial styloid process (lateral side)
33
Q

For the elbow joint:
in extension the olecranon (ulna) fits in what?

A

olecranon fossa (humerus)

34
Q

For the elbow joint:
in flexion the coronoid process (ulna) fit in what?

A

in the coronoid fossa humerus

35
Q

True or False
the ulna articulates with the trochlea of humerus and the radius articulates with the capitulum of humerus?

A

True

36
Q

Elbow joints allow for what kinds of movements?

A

hinge movement aka flexion and extension

37
Q

which joints allow for pronation and supination?

A

ulna-radius joints

38
Q

What is the proximal radioulnar joint?

A
  • between the ulna and radius at the proximal end
  • loose (allows for pronation-supination)
  • rotates at top so radius can cross over the ulna
39
Q

What is the distal radioulnar joint?

A
  • between the ulna and radius and the distal end
  • head of radius crosses over
40
Q

In anterior and anatomical position:
Name the carpools in order from proximal to distal

A
  1. Scaphoid (p)
  2. Lunate (p)
  3. Triquetrum (p)
  4. Pisiform (p)
  5. Trapezium (d)
  6. Trapezoid (d)
  7. Capitate (d)
  8. Hamate (d)
41
Q

How many carpals do we have?

A

8

42
Q

What does “Stop Letting Those People Touch The Cadavers Hand” stand for?

A

Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform, Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate

43
Q

What is the wrist joints?

A
  • Where the radius/ulna meet carpals
  • Not within the carpals
44
Q

How many metacarpals do we have?

A

5

45
Q

which way do we name the metacarpals?

A

thumb to pinky

46
Q

What makes up the metacarpals? order proximal to distal

A
  • base
  • shaft
  • head
47
Q

What do we call out fingers?

A

phalanges, phalanx

48
Q

which digits have a middle phalanx?

A

digits 2-5

Anatomy (11 decks)

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