Module 43 - depressive disorders and bipolar disorder Flashcards
1
Q
Major Depressive disorder (MDD)
A
- depressed mood - anhedonia (inability to experience pleasure)
- most common reason people seek mental health services, but goes away on its own in most cases
- more common in women by about 2:1
- often comorbid with other disorders (anxiety, substance use, etc.)
2
Q
lifestyle factors that correlate with less depression
A
- exercise
- healthy nutrition
- sunlight
- avoiding excessive alcohol use
3
Q
bipolar disorder
A
- alternating between depression and mania
during manic episode: - hyperactive, adventurous, risk-taking, wildly optimistic, grandiose
- don’t think anything is wrong - hard to get them to comply with medication
4
Q
subtypes of bipolar disorder
A
- bipolar I - full manic episodes, usually alternating with major depressive episodes
- bipolar II - hypomanic episodes (less extreme than full manic) alternating with major depressive episodes
5
Q
is bipolar mostly genetic or environmental?
A
- twin studies suggest its mostly genetic
6
Q
depression in the brain
A
- slower brain activity
- less left frontal love (reward center) activity
- less norepinephrine and dopamine activity
- less serotonin activity
- some depression medications are serotonin agonists
7
Q
Mania in the brain
A
- faster brain activity
- more left frontal love (reward center) activity
- more norepinephrine and dopamine activity
8
Q
how can explanatory style affect depression
A
- can influence how well we cope with life stressors
9
Q
treatment of depression
A
- often treated with antidepressant medications
- adjust balance of neurotransmitters such as serotonin
- therapy such as CBT
- cognitive-behavioral therapy - trains the patient to recognize and change their negative thinking/behaving patterns
- or combination of both