module 21 - operant conditioning

Question 1

operant conditioning

Answer 1

• type of associative learning involving an association between behavior and conseuquence

Question 2

types of consequences in operant conditioning

Answer 2

• reinforcement
  
  • reward - increases the behavior
• punishment
  
  • reduces behavior

Question 3

positive vs negative reinforcement

Answer 3

• positive is pleasurable stimulus
• negative is removal of unpleasant stimulus
  
  • not the same as punishment

Question 4

primary vs conditioned reinforcers

Answer 4

• primary reinforcer is naturally rewarding (ex: food)
• conditioned reinforcer is not naturally rewarding but has a learned association with reward (ex: food)

Question 5

continuous reinforcement

Answer 5

• behavior reinforced every time

Question 6

partial/intermittent reinforcement

Answer 6

• behavior reinforced inconsistently
• fixed/variable ratio/interval

Question 7

5 major processes in operant conditioning

Answer 7

1. acquisition
2. extinction
3. spontaneous recovery
4. generalization
5. discrimination

Question 8

BF skinner

Answer 8

• behaviorist researcher known for his work on operant conditioning
• operant chamber (Skinner box)
• shaping - producing a precise desired behavior by only reinforcing increasingly close approximations of it

Question 9

how are classical and operant conditioning relevant in study of behavior

Answer 9

• used to study addiction and phobias
• generally, throughout our lives, we form various expectations, preferences and habits through associations