module 4.2 Flashcards
COMMUNITY definition
all the living organisms, of a species, living in the same place at the same time (interacting populations)
SPECIES definition
a group of organisms with simmilar morphology and physiology. Can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
ECOSYSTEM definition
- a self contained system including all the living organisms and their environment interacting with each other (biotic and abiotic)
HABITAT definition
- a place where an organism lives
POPULATION definition
- a group of organisms of the same species, living in the same place at the same time, and able to interbreed with each other
whats biodiversity
biodiversity is a measure of all the different plant, animal, fungal and other microorganism species worldwide, the genes they contain and the ecosystems which they form a part - there are 3 levels of biodiversity.(the variety of living organisms in an area)
what are the 3 levels of biodiversity
- habitat biodiversity
- species biodiversity
- genetic biodiversity
what’s habitat biodiversity
the number of different habitats found in a region
what’s species biodiversity
the number of species in a given habitat/ ecosystem .( rainforest vs grass), there are two subsections…
- species richness= related to the number of species present
- species evenness= the relative abundance of individuals of each species
whats genetic biodiversity
the number of genetic variation in a species i.e, more alleles= more biodiversity
how do you measure species richness
- count the number of different species
- can sue the random quadrat technique
- no need to identify species
how do u measure species evenness
- plants= use random quadrats, count the number of each species or % cover
what is spearman’s rank
a statistical test used to determine whether the relationship between 2 variables is statistically significant. rs= spearman’s rank value
what does it mean if there is a negative rs= spearman’s rank value
a negative correlation
what does it mean if there is a positive rs= spearman’s rank value
a positive correlation
whats P value
a statistic that determines if an observation is significant. i.e very unlikely to be due to chance.
P<0.05= observation is significant
<5% chance the results were random
why do we measure biodiversity
- economic reasons ( to understand/ asses the impact of development on the environment.
- identify trends in extinction
- pure understanding of our existence.
why do you take random sampling
to avoid bias
what are the 3 types of non-random sampling
systematic, opportunistic, stratified