Module 4 Vocab

Question 1

An inherited disorder with a deficiency or absence of pigment in the skin, hair and eye, or eye only due to an abnormality in the production of melanin

Answer 1

albinism

Question 2

Loss of hair

Answer 2

alopecia

Question 3

Thinning of the skin surface and loss of normal skin markings; muscle wasting

Answer 3

atrophy

Question 4

Transverse grooves or ridges on the nail plate that are temporary and usually occur after a severe illness

Answer 4

Beau’s lines

Question 5

A tool for predicting pressure ulcer risk

Answer 5

Braden scale

Question 6

A thin-walled blister of the skin or mucous membranes greater than 1 cm in diameter containing clear, serous fluid

Answer 6

bulla

Question 7

A discoloration often seen on the face of pregnant women and known as the “mask of pregnancy”

Answer 7

chloasma

Question 8

An abnormal enlargement of the distal phalanges with a flattening of the curvature of the nail margin at the cuticle, where the nail meets the cuticle; nailbed angle measures greater than 160 degrees

Answer 8

clubbing

Question 9

Dried serum, blood, or pus on the surface of the skin; AKA scab

Answer 9

crusting

Question 10

A bluish discoloration of the skin, lips, mucus membranes and and/or nails

Answer 10

cyanosis

Question 11

Encapsulated fluid-filled or semi-solid mass in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis

Answer 11

cyst

Question 12

A flat livid black-and-blue or purple spot or area due to the escape of blood into the tissues from ruptured blood vessels; AKA bruise

Answer 12

ecchymosis

Question 13

Superficial destruction of a surface area of skin or mucous membrane by inflammation, ulceration, or trauma

Answer 13

erosion

Question 14

Intense redness of the skin due to excess blood in dilated superficial capillaries, as in fever or inflammation

Answer 14

erythema

Question 15

injury causing loss of the epidermal layers, often caused by scratching; AKA abrasion

Answer 15

excoriation

Question 16

Linear crack in the epidermis that can extend into the dermis

Answer 16

fissure

Question 17

A palpable bruise; localized swelling filled with blood resulting from a break in a blood vessel;a collection of extravasated blood trapped in the tissues of the skin or in an organ

Answer 17

hematoma

Question 18

Excessive growth of hair

Answer 18

hirsutism

Question 19

A yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera, often related to liver problems such as hepatitis

Answer 19

jaundice

Question 20

Excessive scar formation

Answer 20

keloid

Question 21

Rough, thickened epidermis; skin becomes hardened and leathery usually as a result of chronic irritation, rubbing or scratching

Answer 21

lichenification

Question 22

The presence of tiny raised lines or ridges that run up and down the length of the nail due to aging, nail injury, or trauma

Answer 22

longitudinal ridging

Question 23

The occurrence of smooth-surfaced white spots or patches under the nails, of unknown cause; possibly result from cuticle manipulation

Answer 23

leukonychia

Question 24

Flat, nonpalpable, but visually distinct areas on the skin surface with color different from the person’s normal skin; less than 1 cm

Answer 24

macule

Question 25

Epidermal cells that produce melanin

Answer 25

melanocytes

Question 26

A small pearly firm noninflammatory elevation of the skin; a clog of the eccrine duct the true sweat gland; commonly associated with newborn babies but can appear on people of all ages

Answer 26

milia

Question 27

Benign, flat, dark-bluish or mulberry-colored congenital birthmark; rounded or oval spots with wavy borders and irregular shape usually on the sacral region

Answer 27

Mongolian spots

Question 28

Uneven discolored patches on the skin as a result of cutaneous ischemia (lowered blood flow to the surfaces of the skin)

Answer 28

mottling

Question 29

A congenital or acquired usually highly pigmented, sharply circumscribed area on the skin that is either flat or raised; AKA mole

Answer 29

nevus

Question 30

A solid, elevated skin lesion that extends into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue; 0.05.- 2 cm

Answer 30

nodule

Question 31

A general lack of color due to decreased visibility of the normal oxyhemoglobin, often seen in persons who are anemic, in shock, or who are about to faint

Answer 31

pallor

Question 32

Inflammation of the tissues adjacent to the nail of a finger or toe usually accompanied by infection and pus formation

Answer 32

paronychia

Question 33

Raised, solid skin lesion that is less than 1 cm

Answer 33

papule

Question 34

Flat, nonpalpable, but visually distinct areas on the skin surface with color different from the person's normal skin; greater than 1 cm

Answer 34

patch

Question 35

Numerous tiny purple or red spots appearing on the skin or mucus membranes as a result of tiny hemorrhages within the dermal or submucosal layers

Answer 35

petechiae

Question 36

Raised solid lesion that is greater than 1 cm

Answer 36

plaque

Question 37

An ulcer due to local interference with circulation; AKA decubitus ulcer; lay term "bed sore"

Answer 37

pressure ulcer

Question 38

Any of several hemorrhagic states characterized by patches of purplish discoloration resulting from extravasation of blood into the skin and mucous membranes, ecchymoses or petechiae

Answer 38

purpura

Question 39

Elevated, superficial lesion; similar to a vesicle but filled with purulent fluid; seen in acne, impetigo, folliculitis

Answer 39

pustule

Question 40

A small thin flake of keratinized epithelium; flaking of the skin

Answer 40

scale

Question 41

Thin to thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin following injury; the end product of wound repair

Answer 41

scar

Question 42

A pathological condition in which a tissue has become hard and which is produced by overgrowth of fibrous tissue or by increase in interstitial tissue

Answer 42

sclerosis

Question 43

Abnormally increased secretion and discharge of sebum producing an oily appearance of the skin and the formation of greasy scales

Answer 43

seborrhea

Question 44

The elasticity or resilience of the normal skin such that the skin rapidly recoils after being pulled up or pinched

Answer 44

skin turgor

Question 45

A form of telangiectasis characterized by a central elevated red dot the size of a pinhead from which small blood vessels radiate

Answer 45

spider angioma

Question 46

Permanent dilation of groups of superficial capillaries and venules

Answer 46

telangiectasia

Question 47

A skin abnormality indicative of dehydration; poor skin turgor in that the skin maintains a triangular or tent-like appearance when gently pinched

Answer 47

tenting

Question 48

A solid, elevated skin lesion that extends into the dermis or subcutaneous tissue; greater than 2 cm; a swelling or enlargement occurring in inflammatory conditions; also called neoplasm, a new growth of tissue characterized by progressive, uncontrolled proliferation of cells

Answer 48

tumor

Question 49

Loss of epidermis and dermis

Answer 49

ulcer

Question 50

Skin rash that appears as raised, well-circumscribed areas of erythema and edema involving the dermis and epidermis; may be very pruritic; AKA wheals; lay term: hives

Answer 50

urticaria

Question 51

The fluid-filled elevated masses less than 1 cm often seen in herpes and chickenpox

Answer 51

vesicle

Question 52

The appearance on otherwise healthy skin of non-pigmented white patches of varied sizes

Answer 52

vitiligo

Question 53

Localized edema in the epidermis causing irregular elevation that may be red or pale; AKA urticaria or hives

Answer 53

wheal