Module 10

Question 1

what is the role of the cerebrum

Answer 1

general movement, visceral functions, perception, behavior, voluntary movement, interpretation of sensory data

Question 2

what is the role of the cerebellum

Answer 2

muscle tone, equilibrium, posture, coordination

Question 3

what is the role of the brainstem

Answer 3

involuntary functions, perception of sensations

Question 4

what is the role of the cranial nerves

Answer 4

motor and sensory functions

Question 5

what is the role of the basal ganglia

Answer 5

processing station between cerebrum and upper brainstem; gross intentional movement without conscious thought

Question 6

these convey info from the brain to muscle groups and control muscle tone and posture

Answer 6

descending tracts (motor)

Question 7

these carry impulses for voluntary movement

Answer 7

pyramidal tract

Question 8

these mediate various sensations and facilitate sensory signals

Answer 8

ascending tracts

Question 9

these discriminate touch, deep pressure, vibration, position, stereognosis, and two part discrimination

Answer 9

dorsal tract (posterior column)

Question 10

these discriminate light and crude touch, pressure, temperature and pain

Answer 10

spinothalamic tract

Question 11

what muscle groups do the descending tracts convey info to

Answer 11

facilitative and inhibitory

Question 12

how many pairs of spinal nerves are there

Answer 12

31

Question 13

these supply and receive info in specific dermatomes

Answer 13

spinal nerves

Question 14

what are the two types of spinal nerves

Answer 14

ventral (motor) and dorsal root (sensory)

Question 15

these carry impulses from spinal cord to muscles

Answer 15

ventral (motor)

Question 16

these carry impulses from sensory receptors to the body of the spinal cord then to brain for interpretation or initiate reflex response

Answer 16

dorsal root (sensory)

Question 17

current problems that are related to neurological assessment

Answer 17

seizures/convulsions, pain, gait coordination, weakness/paresthesia, change in mental status, change in the five senses

Question 18

past history related to neurological assessment

Answer 18

trauma, CVA, meningitis, deformities, hypertension, neurologic disorder, brain surgery

Question 19

family history related to neurological assessment

Answer 19

hereditary diseases, alcoholism, metal retardation, epilepsy, thyroid disease, diabetes, hypertension, learning disorder, Alzheimer’s

Question 20

personal and social history related to neurological assessment

Answer 20

environmental hazards, ADL, sleeping patterns, anxiety, alcohol and tobacco

Question 21

what techniques do you use

Answer 21

inspection and palpation

Question 22

how can the neurological system be examined

Answer 22

constantly

Question 23

what is the first portion of the neurologic assessment

Answer 23

mental status

Question 24

what are the components of the mental status

Answer 24

orientation, memory, logic/judgment, reasoning, emotional stability, speech, language

Question 25

what are the components of orientation

Answer 25

person, place, time and situation

Question 26

this is recall after short interval

Answer 26

immediate

Question 27

how do you test immediate memory

Answer 27

give 3 things to remember | recall this 3-5 min after given

Question 28

this is recall of several minutes to several hours ago

Answer 28

recent

Question 29

how do you test recent memory

Answer 29

what they had for breakfast

Question 30

this is recall of several days to several years ago

Answer 30

remote

Question 31

how do you test remote

Answer 31

history

Question 32

how do you test logic and judgement

Answer 32

what would you do if you were inside a burning building

Question 33

how do you test reasoning and decision making

Answer 33

ask the meaning of a proverb

Question 34

awake, readily aroused

Answer 34

alert

Question 35

not fully alert, drifts off to sleep when not stimulated

Answer 35

lethargic

Question 36

sleeps most of the time, difficult to arouse

Answer 36

obtunded

Question 37

spontaneously unconscious, responds only to persistent and vigorous shake or pain, reflex activity persists

Answer 37

stuporous or semi comatose

Question 38

completely unconscious, no response to pain or any external or internal stimuli

Answer 38

comatose

Question 39

what is the scale of consciousness

Answer 39

Glascow coma scale (highest score/normal is 15 and lowest score/deep coma is 3)

Question 40

what is the normal pupil range

Answer 40

2-6 mm

Question 41

what do drugs do to pupils

Answer 41

pinpoint them

Question 42

what occurs with increased intracranial pressure

Answer 42

pupils begin to dilate

Question 43

what is the second portion of the neurologic assessment

Answer 43

cranial nerves

Question 44

pneumonic to remember the cranial nerves

Answer 44

oh, oh, oh to take a family vacation go vegas after hours

Question 45

how to remember if the cranial nerves are motor, sensory, or both

Answer 45

some say marry money but my brother says bad business marry money

Question 46

what is the third portion of the neurologic assessment

Answer 46

muscle tone and strength