Module 11 Part 2

Question 1

how do you do weight measurement for little kids

Answer 1

Balance beam scale (infant or standing)
Nude for 0-36 months
Remove bulk

Question 2

how to measure head circumference

Answer 2

Use tape measure
Measure from slightly above eyebrows & pinna of ears around occipital prominence at back of skull
Plot on graph for up to age 36 months
Equal to chest at 1-2 years

Question 3

how to check physiological measurements

Answer 3

Prepare child
Consider order of vital signs from least to most invasive
Compare to normal values for age

Question 4

Until age 2 years
Irregular heart rate or known heart disease
Before digoxin

Answer 4

apical pulse

Question 5

what should you measure before other vital signs

Answer 5

pulse

Question 6

where is the apical pulse in children less than 7

Answer 6

lateral to MCL and fourth ICS

Question 7

where is apical pulse in children older than 7

Answer 7

lateral to MCL and fifth ICS

Question 8

how to observe respiratory

Answer 8

observe 1 full min and stay quiet

Question 9

signs of respiratory distress

Answer 9

Nasal flaring, grunting, stridor, retractions, cyanosis,
increased work in breathing, or apnea (no respiration for 20 seconds)

Question 10

what type of movement should you look for

Answer 10

Abdominal in infants & young children

Thoracic in older children & adolescents

Question 11

gathers infrared energy emitted from TM (eardrum & hypothalamus are perfused by same circulation)

Answer 11

tympanic membrane sensor

Question 12

temp. instrument for infants and small children

Answer 12

rectal route

Question 13

what type of children have higher BP

Answer 13

larger children

Question 14

when do you verify BP manually

Answer 14

if hyper / hypotension noted

Question 15

The work of children

Answer 15

play

Question 16

Aids in fine & gross motor activity

Answer 16

physical play

Question 17

Learning a general concept & applying to other situations
Learn size, shape, & texture
Increase vocabulary

Answer 17

cognitive play

Question 18

Way of coping

Increases self-esteem

Answer 18

emotional play

Question 19

Infants differentiate self from others

Learn sharing, teamwork, competition

Answer 19

social play

Question 20

Learn which behaviors are acceptable

Answer 20

moral play

Question 21

Independent play with different toys

Answer 21

solitary play

Question 22

Play side by side with similar toys but no interaction

Answer 22

parallel play

Question 23

Group play without group goals

Answer 23

associative play

Question 24

Organized with group goals

Answer 24

cooperative play

Question 25

Child observes others playing

Answer 25

onlooker play

Question 26

Discussing developmental stages with parents does what

Answer 26

helps them to understand the patterns of their child’s development

Question 27

(6 weeks through 12 months)

Answer 27

infant

Question 28

developmental milestones between 3-9 mos

Answer 28

``` Lifts head & chest while on belly and rolls on side – 3 months Rolls over - 5 months Safety Doubles birth weight – 5-6 months Language uttering words – 6-9 months ```

Question 29

developmental milestones between 9-12 mos

Answer 29

``` Crawls, pulls up – 9 months Pincer grasp – 9 months Finger foods Walks alone – 12 – 15 months Triples birth weight – 12 months ```

Question 30

12 months through 36 months

Answer 30

toddler

Question 31

developmental milestones of toddler

Answer 31

discovery Curiosity Language important – usually about 200-300 words Walks independently; runs with wide stance Learns by repetition – ritualism

Question 32

developmental milestones of preschooler

Answer 32

Rides tricycle by age 3 Throws and catches ball Language 1500 to 2000 words

Question 33

developmental milestones of school-aged child

Answer 33

Climbs, bikes, skips, jumps rope, swings, swims Language 8000 to 15,000 words; prints/writes Pubertal changes occur earlier in girls than boys

Question 34

developmental milestones of adolescents

Answer 34

Speed and coordination | Develops adult preferences bases on senses

Question 35

what do developmental screening tools not do

Answer 35

Not IQ exams NOT designed to diagnose learning disabilities, language disorders, or emotional disturbances NOT designed to substitute for diagnostic or physical evaluation NOT predictive of future ability

Question 36

why are developmental screening tools useful

Answer 36

Useful in identifying potential developmental delays

Question 37

Birth to 6 years | Consists of 125 items ("tasks") arranged in 4 subsections

Answer 37

Denver developmental screening test

Question 38

four sections of Denver developmental screening test

Answer 38

Personal-Social: Getting along with people and caring for personal needs Fine Motor-Adaptive: Eye-hand coordination, problem solving Language: Hearing, understanding, and using language Gross Motor: Sitting, walking, jumping, large muscle movement

Question 39

Screening system composed of 19 questionnaires designed to be completed by parents or primary caregivers

Answer 39

Ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ)

Question 40

what do ASQ do

Answer 40

identify accurately infants or young children who need further evaluation to determine whether they are eligible for early intervention services

Question 41

five sections of ASQ

Answer 41

communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem solving, and personal-social.

Question 42

advantages of ASQ

Answer 42

assessments are done on a regular basis, inexpensive, relies on the parent to observe the child and complete simple questionnaires on child’s abilities, and is flexible