Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Introduction to Operating Systems and Becoming a Power User > Module 4 repairs > Flashcards

Module 4 repairs Flashcards

1
Q

how can NTFS see the state the current file system should be in?

A

by looking at the logs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what can the file system do if corruption occurs?

A

initiate a recovery process using the log it kept

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does self-healing do?

A

makes changes to minor problems automatically while Windows is running.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How can you check the status of the self-healing process on your computer?

A

open administrative cmd prompt and use fsutil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the command
fsutil repair query C:
do?

A

queries the C: drive repair state.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when there is catastrophic failure, what utility can you turn to?

A

NTFS check disk utility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do the recovery features built into NTFS usually mean?

A

you don’t usually need to run check disks unless it is an emergency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how do you run check disk manually?

A

open up an administrator command prompt and type
chkdsk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does chkdsk run in by default?

A

read only mode. Will check disk health without making modifications or repairs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what flag can you use to tell chkdisk to fix problems it finds?

A

/F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how can you specify that you want chkdsk to work with a specific file or directory? tell it to check and repair the C: drive

A

chkdsk /F C:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when do you not need to manually run chkdsk?

A

if the OS detects that data has been corrupted or the disk has a bad sector. It sets a bit in the metadata file that indicates corruption.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what happens with the chkdsk utility when the system boots?

A

it will check bits that denote corruption and try to repair any corruption it finds by reconstructing the broken bits from the NTFS Log.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the file system repair utility in Linux?

A

fsck, file system check

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what must you do before doing fsck?

A

make sure the file system isn’t mounted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what happens if you run a file check on a mounted system?

A

high chance that it will damage the file system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the fsck command look like in action?

A

sudo fsck /dev/sda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

is file system repair a guaranteed fix?

A

no, but helpful in most cases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what does fsck do on some systems in boot up?

A

runs and attempts to auto-repair

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is software that provides structure for storing the OS and all other software installed on system hard drives?

A

a computer file system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what must a hard drive be formatted with before the OS can be installed?

A

file system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

how many file systems support Linux OS installations?

A

nearly 100

23
Q

what can impede the computer’s ability to locate files stored on the hard drive?

A

file system corruption

24
Q

what is inode short for?

A

index nodes

25
Q

in Linux, what stores metadata about the storage block and fragment locations where each file is stored?

A

inodes.

26
Q

what are common data corruption symptoms?

A

system suddenly shuts down, software program will not launch or crashes when opening a corrupted file, error: file format not recognized, file name is not recognized, corrupted files and folders may not appear in the file system, the OS may report bad sectors when failing to execute commands, damaged platter-based hard drives can make clicking sounds or unusual vibrations

27
Q

what software errors can cause data corruption?

A

any software event that interferes with normal hard disk read/write op, viruses and malware, antivirus software if it has problems while scanning or repairing files

28
Q

what hardware malfunctions can cause data corruption?

A

larger files more likely to get corrupted since they occupy more space, making them more likely to cross a bad sector, certain hard drives with platters are at risk of malfunctioning read/write heads. damaged drives can corrupt many files and directories in one transaction. Hard drives with moving mechanical parts are more likely to wear out and fail in time.

29
Q

when does data corruption come from electrical damage?

A

power failure while system is writing data to a hard drive

30
Q

what is the most critical step after data corruption is identified or suspected?

A

shut down the affected hard drive. stop the corruption from being written to the hard drive.

31
Q

the longer the corruption activity continues,

A

the more difficult recovering the data becomes

32
Q

Two methods to repair a corrupted Linux hard drive:

A

minimise read/write op on the disk other than those made by data recovery tools, so one method is to have a corrupted Linux system boot from an external device or network, PXE boot. another method is to attach to corrupted hard drive as an external hard drive to a healthy system running Linux. a hard drive adapter or drive docking station can be used to convert an internal drive into an external device.

33
Q

what must be disabled before you connect a corrupted drive to a healthy system?

A

automount

34
Q

what command will not repair corruption on a mounted filesystem?

A

fsck

35
Q

what can mounting a corrupted file system do?

A

cause Linux to crash.

36
Q

what must be readable for the fsck command to access the drive, though the file system should not be mounted?

A

the device file for the corrupted hard drive in the /dev directory.

37
Q

when should the fsck command not be used:

A

on a hard drive that was a member of a RAID array, on a mounted file system

38
Q

when should the fsck command be run?

A

anytime a Linux system malfunctions.

39
Q

can fsck recommend deleting a corrupted file or directory?

A

yes

40
Q

what is the default setting for the fsck command?

A

to prompth the user to approve or deny the repair of any problems found.

41
Q

what must a user running the fsck command have in order to approve a repair

A

write permissions for the corrupted filer directory

42
Q

what happens if the user does not choose to repair inconsistencies found

A

the file system will remain in a corrupted state

43
Q

what is the fsck command line syntax?

A

fsck (flag) (filesystem1-filesystem2….)

44
Q

for the fsck, What does the -n flag do?

A

sends in no response to all questions and does not allow the utility to write to the drive

45
Q

for fsck, what does the -p flag do?

A

prevents error messages for minor problems from displaying while automatically fixing those minor errors. outside of recovering from data corruption it is the best practice to run this regularly at startup as a preventative measure

46
Q

what does the -y flag do for fsck?

A

sends a yes response to all questions to automatically attempt to repair all inconsistencies found should be reserved for severely corrupt file systems only

47
Q

for the fsck command, what does the -f flag do?

A

runs a fast check that excludes file systems that were successfully unmounted for shutdown before the system crashed

48
Q

what does the fsck command check if you do not specify a file system?

A

all file systems in /etc/filesystems where the Czech attribute is set to true

49
Q

what command do you use to see more advanced flags for the fsck command?

A

man fsck

50
Q

how do you have the fsck command check all of the default file systems and prompt the user on how to handle each inconsistency found?

A

simply enter at a command line:

             b. For ext, ext2, ext3, and ext4 file systems, the e2fsck command can be used:

            c. To have the fsck command check specific file system(s) and automatically fix any inconsistencies found, enter:
51
Q

What does the fsck command output when the tool terminates?

A

an exit value or code, which is the sum of one or more of the following conditions:

0 = All scanned file systems have been restored to a functional state.

2 = fsck did not finish checks or repairs due to an interruption.

4 = File system has changed and the computer needs to be rebooted.

8 = fsck could not repair some or all file system damage.

52
Q

When will the file system check utility automatically run at boot?

A

when a file system has been labeled as dirty meaning that data selected to be written to the file system is different from what was actually written or not written which can occur if the system shut down during a write operation

when a file system has been mounted multiple times without a file system check

53
Q

what do you use to add the fsck command to the boot sequence?

A

vi, visual instrument

Debian and Ubuntu:
edit the recS file: $sudo vi /etc/default/rcS
add the command to the rcS file: FSCKFIX=yes
CentOS:
Create or edit a file name autofsck: $sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/autofsck
add the command to the autofsck file: AUTOFSCK_DEF_CHECK=yes

54
Q
A

Introduction to Operating Systems and Becoming a Power User (34 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions