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Medical Assistant > Module 4 - General Patient Care 1 > Flashcards

Module 4 - General Patient Care 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

Used to measure blood pressure

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2
Q

Otoscope

A

Used to examine the ears

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3
Q

Ophthalmoscope

A

Used to examine the interior of the eye, especially the retina

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4
Q

How to drape a pt in the supine position

A

draped from the chest down to the feet.
placing a pillow under the head and under the knees may help alleviate pain and provide more comfort.

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5
Q

How to drape a pt in the prone position

A

The drape should cover the patient from upper back to over the feet

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6
Q

How to drape a pt in the dorsal recumbent position

A
  • patient is lying flat on the back with knees bent and feet flat on the examination table.

place the drape at the patient’s neck or underarms and cover the body down to the feet.

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7
Q

How to drape a pt in the lithotomy position

A

draped from under the arms to the ankles

  • used for vaginal exams
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8
Q

How to drape a pt in the left lateral position

A
  • placed on the left side with the right leg sharply bent upward and the left leg slightly bent
  • used for rectal exams

draped from under the arm or shoulders to below the knees at an angle

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9
Q

When calculating an individual dose, we must have which three pieces of information

A
  1. desired dose
  2. dosage strength/supply on hand
  3. medication’s unit of measurement
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10
Q

What is the dosage formula

A

X (amount to administer) = D (desire dose) / H (supply on hand) * Q (medication’s unit of measurement)

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11
Q

How to perform an eye instillation

A
  1. With nondominant hand, pull down the lower lid of the affected eye using the thumb or two fingers to expose the conjunctival sac.
  2. rest dominant hand on the patient’s forehead and dispense a drop approximately ½ inch above the sac.
    If a cream/ointment is being given, apply a thin ribbon of the ointment along the inside edge of the lower eyelid on the conjunctiva, moving from the medial to lateral side.
  3. Release the eyelid and instruct the patient to close the eyes.
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12
Q

What is the difference bw adult and infant/children when performing an ear instillation?

A

pull the pinna of the auricle (outer ear) outward and upward for adults and outward and downward for infants and children.

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13
Q

How long does a pt have to lie down following and ear instillation?

A

5 minutes

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14
Q

A severe allergic reaction can result in what?

A

anaphylactic shock

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15
Q

What are common medications that are injected subcutaneously

A

insulin, heparin, immunizations, and allergy medications.

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16
Q

Most common subcutaneous sites

A

upper, outer arm; abdominal region; and the upper thigh

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17
Q

The injection is ___ degree for subcutaneous injections

A

45

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18
Q

What are the intradermal injections sites?

A

mid forearm, upper chest and scapula (upper back)

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19
Q

What is the amount of medication injected for intradermal injections?

A

0.1 mL or less

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20
Q

What is the amount of medication injected for subcutaneous injections?

A

1.5 mL or less

21
Q

The injection is ___ degree for intradermal injections

A

15

22
Q

What are the intramuscular injections sites?

A

deltoid (shoulder), ventrogluteal (outer hip), and vastus lateralis (upper, outer thigh) muscles

23
Q

Which IM site should be avoided for infants or children younger than 3 years of age? Which site should be used instead

A
  1. avoid the deltoid muscle
  2. vastus lateralis muscle instead
24
Q

Needle length and size for subcutaneous injection

A

length - 5/8 inch
size - 23-25 G

25
Q

Needle length and size for intradermal injection

A

length - 1/4 - 1/2 inch
size - 25-27 G

26
Q

Needle length and size for intramuscular injection

A

length - 1-1 1/2 inch
size - 22-25 G

27
Q

Which needle size would you select for a tuberculin (TB) test?

A

26 G 1/2

28
Q

Taking the information from a medical provider’s order and transferring it to the MAR is known as what

A

transcribing

29
Q

What information must be documented in the MAR about the medication?

A
  • Any allergies or history of allergies
  • What medication is being administered
  • Medication dosage
  • Administration route
  • When is it being administered—what time, how often, how long
  • The name of the health care provider who prescribed the medication
30
Q

Multidose vials usually expire after how many days?

A

28

31
Q

What does reconstitution require?

A

requires the adding a liquid diluent to a dry ingredient to make a specific concentration of a medication. ​​​​​​​

32
Q

How much air should be injected into a vial prior to ejecting medication?

A

Inject air equal to the amount of solution being withdrawn into the air space between the solution and the rubber stopper

33
Q

How do you snap the neck of an ampule?

A

by grasping it with an alcohol wipe, sterile gauze, or ampule protector

34
Q

Store refrigerated medications between… (in F)

A

35˚ and 46˚ F

35
Q

Frozen medications must be stored between… (in F)

A

–58˚ and 5˚ F

36
Q

Food and Drug Administration

A

Organization responsible for protecting the public health by ensuring safety, efficacy, and security of human medications.

37
Q

What equipments are necessary for eye irrigations?

A
  • a sterile basin,
  • a return basin,
  • sterile solution,
  • a sterile irrigating syringe,
  • sterile gauze,
  • tissues,
  • towel,
  • a waterproof drape,
  • nonsterile gloves.
38
Q

steps for ear irrigation

A
  1. warm the solution to 98.6 F
  2. position the patient
  3. examine the affected ear with an otoscope
  4. Hold the wash basin tightly below the affected ear
  5. Insert the tip of the syringe pointed toward the top of the ear canal and spray the solution
39
Q

nuclear pharmacies

A

specialty area of pharmacy practice dedicated to the compounding and dispensing of radioactive materials for use in nuclear medicine procedures

40
Q

Which of the following patients would require a specialty pharmacy?

A patient needing a urinalysis test to diagnose a urinary tract infection

A young patient needing a weight-based dosage of a medication for leukemia

A young patient with a prescription for diabetes supplies.

An older adult patient needing a prescription for a laxative

A

A young patient needing a weight-based dosage of a medication for leukemia

41
Q

Difference bw EMR and EHR

A

An EMR is an electronic version of a patient’s medical history
An EHR also contains the patient’s EMR, except it can be incorporated across more than one health care organization

42
Q

What is a computerized provider order entry (CPOE) system

A

electronic process that allows a health care provider to enter medical orders electronically into a system instead of the more traditional order methods of paper, verbal, telephone, and fax.

43
Q

What are the stages of grief

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression and acceptance

44
Q

5 levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A
  1. (bottom) physiological
  2. safety
  3. love and belonging
  4. esteem
  5. self-actualization
45
Q

What are the hormones released by the anterior pituitary

A
  • Flat PeG
  • follicle stimulating hormone (FSH),
  • luteinizing hormone (LH),
  • adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),
  • thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),
  • prolactin,
  • endorphins,
  • growth hormone (GH).
46
Q

What is hepatitis

A

an inflammation of the liver that is caused by a variety of infectious viruses and noninfectious agents

47
Q

Difference bw Rinne and Webber test

A
  • R: differentiates sound transmission via air conduction from bone conduction. Done with a W test
  • W: performed in patients who can hear better in one ear than the other. It involves placing the base of a vibrating tuning fork against the crown of the head. The patient is asked where the sound is heard best.
48
Q

Hashimoto disease

A
  • autoimmune disease
  • can cause your thyroid to not make enough thyroid hormone
  • when your body makes antibodies that attack the cells in your thyroid
  • nlarged thyroid gland (goiter), tiredness, weight gain, and muscle weakness.
49
Q

Graves disease

A
  • an immune system condition that affects the thyroid gland.
  • It causes the body to make too much thyroid hormone

Medical Assistant (15 decks)

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