Module 4 Flashcards
traits seem to be able to travel ____
together
traits seem to travel together and other traits dont because
trait gene can be similar to each other
dependent assortment
in some flies we see dependent assortment where
the same phenotype and genootype is seen predominantly in their parents offspring. not predominent
humans have 23
chromosome
humans have 21000
genes
genes that are linked together on the same chromosome often
assort together
linked genes may become seperated through the process of _____ during meiosis
recombination
Genetic maps
frequency of recombination of genes. used to find arrangements of genes on chromosome
percent chance of offsring having same genotype as parent
50%
percent chance of offsring having recombinant genotype
50%
genes on same chromosome _______
co-segregate
if on same chromosome there is no
crossing over
if on same chromosome there is no crossing over occurs which mean there are
only 2 allele combinations possible. same as parent. 0% recombinant
its possible for 2 genes on same chromosome to ____
combine
if on the same chromosome and parent genotypes combine then the recombinent is going to equal
recombination frequency
if 2 genes assort completely independetly we expect _____ ratio
1:1:1:1
if 2 genes assort completely independetly we expect
parental combination, and gametes
if two genes are ____ we would find deviation in genotype
linked
if genes are linked we would expect parental ratio to be _____ then recombinent ratio
higher
how can we determine linkage
make crossings and count phenotype of offspring. but we need statistic that allows us to dinstinguish chance fluctuations from real linkage.
to determine if a statistic is dependent we need
a significant deviation and a great sampl;e size
chi squares test measures
goodness of fit. between what is expected vs observed
