Module 3

Question 1

What is found on the surface of all T cells?

Answer 1

Cd3 complex

Question 2

What are the 2 classes of T-cell receptors?

Answer 2

alpha-beta T cell and gamma-delta T cell

Question 3

What 3 parts make up the T cell complex?

Answer 3

TCR, CD3, and zeta chains

Question 4

What are zeta chains responsible for?

Answer 4

Signal transduction after TCR activation

Question 5

What genes/proteins mediate variable region gene rearrangements for both TCR and antibodies?

Answer 5

RAG1 and RAG2

Question 6

Which MHC has MHC encoded polypeptide and beta2-microglobulin and peptide binding grooves?

Answer 6

MHC I

Question 7

Which MHC has two MHC encoded peptides and peptide binding grooves?

Answer 7

MHC II

Question 8

Which class of T cells recognize peptides bound to MHC I and II?

Answer 8

alpha-beta T cells

Question 9

Which T cells recognize MHC I and peptides?

Answer 9

CD8+ T cells

Question 10

Which T cells recognize MHC II and peptides?

Answer 10

CD4+ T cells

Question 11

Which MHC is expressed on most nucleated cells?

Answer 11

MHC I

Question 12

Which MHC is expressed mostly on macrophages, dendritic cells, and B cells?

Answer 12

MHC II

Question 13

MHC that processes and presents cytoplasmic proteins

Answer 13

MHC I

Question 14

MHC that processes and presents exogenous proteins

Answer 14

MHC II

Question 15

What trims peptides to fit the binding groove?

Answer 15

endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP)

Question 16

MHC locus in humans

Answer 16

HLA (human leukocyte antigen)

Question 17

Which HLA regions are involved in CD8 T cell recognition and NK cells?

Answer 17

A, B, and C (class 1 region)

Question 18

Which HLA regions are involved in Cd4 T cell recognition?

Answer 18

Dp, DQ, DR (class II region)

Question 19

Where do MHC polymorphisms occur?

Answer 19

on the peptide binding groove

Question 20

What is the expression pattern of MHC genes?

Answer 20

codominance

Question 21

Which class of T cells does not need to bind to MHC

Answer 21

gamma-delta T cells

Question 22

Where do T cell precursors originate?

Answer 22

bone marrow

Question 23

Immature T cells

Answer 23

thymocytes

Question 24

Disorder where the thymus fails to develop and T cells are absent. Pt susceptible to many opportunistic infections

Answer 24

DiGeorge’s Syndrome

Question 25

What happens to T cells in older populations?

Answer 25

they involute (degenerate)

Question 26

2 Stages of selection for alpha/beta T cells

Answer 26

positive and negative selection

Question 27

What kind of T cell development occurs in the thymus?

Answer 27

antigen-independent

Question 28

T cell selection that selects for recognizing MHC I or II

Answer 28

positive selection

Question 29

T cell selection that selects for removal of T cells that bind too tightly to self antigens, including MHC

Answer 29

negative selection

Question 30

What class of T cells leave the thymus once TCR has productively rearranged?

Answer 30

gamma-delta T cells

Question 31

What kind of t cell can recognize bacterial products, and heat shock and stress proteins?

Answer 31

gamma-delta T cells

Question 32

What kind of T cell development occurs in the secondary lymphoid tissues

Answer 32

antigen dependent

Question 33

Self-reactive t cells that leave the thymus but are prevented from activation

Answer 33

peripheral tolerance

Question 34

What can suppress self-reactive T cells?

Answer 34

T reg cells

Question 35

Activation of which T cells leads to further development and differentiation into effector and memory cells?

Answer 35

naive alpha-beta cells

Question 36

Where do naive T cells travel

Answer 36

between circulation and secondary lymphoid tissues

Question 37

Where do effector and memory T cells travel

Answer 37

to potential sites of infection

Question 38

What are the 3 types of antigen presenting cells

Answer 38

dendritic cells, macrophages, B cells

Question 39

What are characteristics of APCs

Answer 39

present antigenic peptides on the MHC and express co-stimulatory molecules/cytokines

Question 40

Antigen presenting cells carry antigens to where?

Answer 40

secondary lymphoid tissues

Question 41

mediates first interactions between T cells and antigen presenting cells

Answer 41

CAMs (cell adhesion molecules)

Question 42

What is needed for T cell activation

Answer 42

co-stimulatory signal

Question 43

Specific co stimulatory molecule for T cell activation

Answer 43

B7

Question 44

Molecule expressed by T cells after activation, then binds to B7 and competes with CD28 to shut down T cell activation

Answer 44

CTLA-4

Question 45

B cell antigen recognized by B cell receptors

Answer 45

inducible B7

Question 46

What happens when there are no co-stimulatory cells for T cell activation?

Answer 46

anergy (the cell shuts off basically)

Question 47

Which Th cells are part of cell mediated immunity?

Answer 47

Th1

Question 48

What cytokines are produced by Th1 and involved in cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 48

IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF

Question 49

Which Th cells are part of humoral immunity?

Answer 49

Th2

Question 50

What cytokines are produced by Th2 and involved in humoral immunity?

Answer 50

IL-4,5,6

Question 51

How do cytotoxic T cells kill cells?

Answer 51

Inducing apoptosis

Question 52

These enzymes are contained in granules released from cytotoxic T cells

Answer 52

perforin and granzyme B

Question 53

2 mechanisms of Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells to kill cells

Answer 53

1. release lytic granules (perforin and granzyme B) and 2. FAS:FAS ligand interaction between target cells and cytotoxic T cells