MODULE 2 UNIT 4 Flashcards
group of protozoa that live in the blood and tissues of their human host and other vertebrates
hemoflagellates
move by means of flagella
hemoflagellates
hemoflagellates is from the family of
Trypanosomatidae
Hemoflagellates infecting man belong to two genera
Leishmania and Trypanosoma
heteroxenous
hemoflagellates
transmission of hemoflagellates
bite of an arthropod vector
four morphologic forms of clinical significance associated with hemoflagellates
amastigote, promastigote, epimastigote, and trypomastigote
amastigote was formerly called
leishmania
promastigote was formerly called
leptomonas
epimastigote was formerly called
crithidia
trypomastigote was formerly called
trypanosoma
It is also known as the L-D (Leishman-Donovan) body.
Amastigote
This stage is adapted to intracellular existence, being found inside macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, or endothelial cells.
Amastigote
The body is slightly wider than that of the promastigote.
Epimastigote
Volutin granules are found in the cytoplasm.
Trypomastigote
shape and size: ovoidal in shape and, on an average, measures 5 µm long by 3 µm wide
Amastigote
All Leishmania species pass their life cycle in two hosts:
(1) man and other mammalian hosts; (2) insect vector
insect vector host of Leishmania
female sandlfy of the genus Phlebotomus in the Old World, and the genus Lutzomyia in the New World
Leishmaniasis is transmitted by the bite of infected female phlebotomine sandflies. 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 1
The sandflies inject the infective stage (i.e., promastigotes) from their proboscis during blood meals 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 2
Promastigotes that reach the puncture wound are phagocytized by macrophages and other types of mononuclear phagocytic cells. 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 3
Promastigotes transform in these cells into the tissue stage of the parasite (i.e., amastigotes), which multiply by simple division and proceed to infect other mononuclear phagocytic cells 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 4
Parasite, host, and other factors affect whether the infection becomes symptomatic and whether cutaneous or visceral leishmaniasis results 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 5
Sandflies become infected by ingesting infected cells during blood meals 1) Identify the species; 2) Order of cycle
1) Leishmania; 6