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Parasitology [LEC] > [Discussion] MODULE 1 UNIT 6 > Flashcards

[Discussion] MODULE 1 UNIT 6 Flashcards

1
Q

-refers to measures that are applied to prevent the occurrence of a disease

A

Prevention

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2
Q

-refers to measures that are applied to prevent transmission after the disease has occurred

A

Control

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3
Q

-is a reduction to zero of the incidence of a specified disease in a defined geographical area as a result of deliberate efforts

A

Elimination

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4
Q

-continued intervention measures are required

A

Elimination

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5
Q

-defined as a permanent reduction to zero of the worldwide incidence of infection caused by a specific agent as a result of deliberate efforts

A

Eradication

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6
Q

-intervention measures are no longer needed

A

Eradication

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7
Q

Treatment of person confirmed with parasitic infection is done by administration of (?) through individual case management

A

antiparasitic (antiprotozoal or antihelminthic) drug

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8
Q

aims not only to alleviate the symptoms and reduce morbidity but also to control transmission by reducing the number of infected individuals

A

Treatment

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9
Q

The public health strategy recommended by WHO for controlling a set of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) is called

A

preventive chemotherapy (PC)

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10
Q

It consists of the regular, large-scale administration of drugs - either alone or in combination, to entire population groups at risk.

A

preventive chemotherapy (PC)

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11
Q

-The giving of an antihelmintic drug

A

Deworming

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12
Q

-Deworming tablets have been proven safe and effective against worms.

They come in flavored chewable tablets.

They stop the worms from growing and are excreted through the feces.

A

Albendazole and Mebendazole

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13
Q

-giving drug to the eligible population without the requirement of prior diagnosis of current infection

A

Mass drug administration

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14
Q

-Often practiced in endemic areas

A

Mass drug administration

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15
Q

-giving drug to a risk group in the population defined by age, sex or other social characteristics (e.g., school-age children, farmers), irrespective of the individual infection status

A

Targeted treatment

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16
Q

-group level treatment

A

Targeted treatment

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17
Q

-giving drug to infected individuals based on diagnosis of parasitic infection

A

Selective treatment

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18
Q

-individual level treatment

A

Selective treatment

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19
Q

In the Philippines, three helminth infections are targeted for control or elimination by the (?) through national programs that utilize (?) as a major strategy.

A

Department of Health
MDA

STH
DCH
LF

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20
Q
A

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH)

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21
Q
A

Schistosomiasis (SCH)

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22
Q
A

Lymphatic filariasis (LF)

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23
Q

Mass deworming for STH is scheduled every:

(Round 1)
(Round 2)

A

July
January

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24
Q

-A -School-based deworming through National School Deworming Month (NSDM) for those who are to 1-18 years old

A

DOH AO No. 2015-0030

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25
Q

-Mass treatment for filariasis and schistosomiasis in endemic areas is integrated with mass deworming for STH

A

DOH AO No. 2016-0212

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26
Q

-Filariasis and schistosomiasis treatment are both done every July of the year

A

DOH AO No. 2016-0212

27
Q

Parasitic infections adversely affect animal’s health and threaten profitable animal production, thus are related to (?)

A

economic losses

28
Q

These infections also play a major role in zoonotic diseases that cause morbidity and mortality in infected humans.

A

Parasitic animal infections

29
Q

Animal control

The type of action depends on the (?)

It ranges from treatment with (?) the infected animal depending on the usefulness of the animal and the availability of parasite vaccine

A

animal reservoir
anti-parasitic drugs to culling

30
Q

Elimination of breeding sites (stagnant water removal, destruction of old tires and cans) and good management of used water can reduce areas of excessive vector incidence

A

Environmental control

31
Q

-Use of insecticides, or molluscicides, insecticides, larvicides, rodenticides, lethal ovitraps and repellents can be used to control vectors

A

Chemical control

32
Q

-This refers to the use of one living organism introduced into the environment to obtain control of a target (e.g., vector) and thereby reducing its population growth

A

Biological control

33
Q

is defined as the set of practices associated with the preservation of health.

A

Hygiene

34
Q

Hygiene

A

Personal hygiene
Food hygiene

35
Q

refers to the provision of proper waste disposal facilities, such as toilets or latrines, that safely separates human waste from human contact

A

Sanitation

36
Q

also included the safe management of solid waste and animal waste

A

Sanitation

37
Q

Mosquito net

A

Mechanical barriers

38
Q

-involves physical separation between the source of infection and the susceptible host in such a manner as to prevent the spread of infection or contamination

A

Spatial barriers

39
Q

isolation and quarantine

A

Spatial barriers

40
Q

-helps to reduce the susceptible population by lowering the number of persons who develop the disease and disseminate pathogens

A

Immunization of Susceptible Hosts

41
Q

-However, no vaccines against parasitic infections are licensed for human use

A

Immunization of Susceptible Hosts

42
Q

-This is at least in part attributable to the antigenic complexity of parasites, arising from multiple life cycle stages, immune evasion strategies, and use of intermediate and reservoir hosts

A

Immunization of Susceptible Hosts

43
Q

“Mandatory Reporting of Notifiable Diseases and Health Events of Public Concern“

A

R.A. 11332

44
Q

-requires to accurately and immediately report notifiable diseases and health events of public health concern as issued by the DOH

A

R.A. 11332

45
Q
  • refers to a disease that, by legal requirements, must be reported to public health authorities
A

Notifiable disease

46
Q
A

Epidemic prone diseases

47
Q
A

Diseases targeted for eradication or elimination

48
Q
A

Other diseases or conditions of public health importance

49
Q

-one’s knowledge, awareness, and approach to the sickness and seeking healthcare

A

Health Literacy

50
Q

Educating oneself and others on measures how to avoid parasitic infection and how to control its spread reduces the risk of transmission and reinfection.

A

PUBLIC EDUCATION

51
Q

Public should be informed about the damages of uncontrolled disease and encouraged to seek treatment when signs present themselves.

A

PUBLIC EDUCATION

52
Q

WASH

A

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

53
Q

Provision is critical in the prevention and the provision of care for all neglected tropical diseases.

A

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

54
Q

While each a separate field of work, each is dependent on the presence of the other.

A

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

55
Q

For example, without toilets, water sources become contaminated; without clean water, basic hygiene practices are not possible.

A

W.A.S.H.

56
Q

▶Parasitic
▶Culex/ Anopheles/ Aedes mosquito

A

Lymphatic filariasis

57
Q
A

Onchocerciasis (River blindness)

58
Q
A

Rabies

59
Q
A

Scabies

60
Q
A

Schistosomiasis

61
Q
A

Snakebite envenoming

62
Q
A

Soil-transmitted helminthiases

63
Q
A

Taeniasis/ Cysticercosis

64
Q
A

Trachoma

Parasitology [LEC] (23 decks)

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