Module 2

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

the study of physiological, or functional, changes in the body as a result from a disease

Question 2

Pathology

Answer 2

the medical discipline that focuses on the diagnosis of the disease

Question 3

Physiology

Answer 3

the discipline of how the body functions

Question 4

Disease and abnormal conditions change the body on a…

Answer 4

microscopic and cellular level

Question 5

State of health looks at

Answer 5

physical, mental and social well-being
Someone who is blind might have good overall health - meaning their state of health is good
Someone else who has smoked for 60 years, but can still see, might have poor health

Question 6

Homeostasis

Answer 6

maintenance of a stable environment within the body that is not affected by external changes or factors

Question 7

Disease starts when

Answer 7

homeostasis can not be maintained

Question 8

Normal limits

Answer 8

are values that represent the average vitals signs for an average person, depending on age, gender, activity level, and environment

Question 9

Normal limits can be used to

Answer 9

establish a state of health or illness pertaining to blood pressure, pulse, heart rate, and temperature.

Question 10

Disease

Answer 10

is a deviation from the normal limit, structure, or function of any part of the body

Question 11

Diagnosis

Answer 11

the identification and classification of a specific disease

Question 12

Earlier and accurate diagnosis helps the patient…

Answer 12

recover or control the disease

Question 13

A diagnosis must come from a health professional after…

Answer 13

a series of tests and extensive observation.

Question 14

Biopsy

Answer 14

a procedure to remove a piece of tissue or a sample of cells from your body so that it can be tested in a laboratory

Question 15

Autopsy

Answer 15

a postmortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease.

Question 16

Clinical Manifestation

Answer 16

he signs and symptoms of a disease

Question 17

Signs

Answer 17

an objective indicator of a disease or condition that can be observed by a medical professional during a physical exam or test

Question 18

Symptoms

Answer 18

a subjective experience that a person feels or experiences that may indicate a disease or condition

Question 19

Evidence based-practice

Answer 19

the act of using the most current and best evidence, data, or information for making decisions about patient care
Evidence based practices can be found in research trials, clinicals guidelines, medical publications, and other credible sources

Question 20

Etiology

Answer 20

the study of causative factors of disease

Question 21

Etiology agents are split into 10 categories

Answer 21

congenital defects, inherited or genetic disorders, microorganisms, immunologic dysfunctions, metabolic derangements, degenerative changes, malignancy, burns and other traumas, environmental factors, and nutritional deficiencies

Question 22

Idiotpathic

Answer 22

cause is unknown

Question 23

Iatrogenic

Answer 23

caused by medical error, treatment, or procedure

Question 24

Predisposing factors

Answer 24

characteristic of a person or population that increased or decreases the risk of disease
such as Age, gender, inherited factors, occupational exposure, and diet, behavior

Factors are usually non-modifiable

Patients assessments often show predisposing factors, so it is important to educate patients on them so they can modify their behavior in order to maintain good health

Question 25

Prophylaxis

Answer 25

attempting to prevent disease as well as maintaining good health

Question 26

Epidemiology

Answer 26

the science of identifying and studying the pattern or occurrences of disease Helps control infectious disease and outbreaks

Question 27

incidence

Answer 27

indicated the number of new cases in a given population noted with in a stated time period

Question 28

Prevalence

Answer 28

the number of new and old or existing cases with in a specific population and time period Notifiable disease are important to report so there is accurate data for epidemiology

Question 29

Pathogenesis

Answer 29

the development of the disease, or the sequence of events involved in the tissue changes related to the disease

Question 30

Onset

Answer 30

the way in which the disease forms

Question 31

Acute

Answer 31

(sudden) short term illness that developed quick w/ obvious signs and symptoms

Question 32

Chronic

Answer 32

(insidious) a condition that developed gradually and persists for a long time

Question 33

Subclinical

Answer 33

a state in which pathological changes occur, but the patient does not exhibit any obvious manifestations

Question 34

Laten

Answer 34

a stage of disease in which no clinical signs are presenting, can last for days or weeks

Question 35

Prodromal

Answer 35

the early development of a disease when the patient notices a change in the body, but the signs or symptoms are nonspecific

Question 36

Manifestation

Answer 36

clinical evidence or effect of a disease

Question 37

local manifestation

Answer 37

found at the site of the problem

Question 38

Systemic manifestation

Answer 38

general indicator of illness

Question 39

remission

Answer 39

the signs and symptoms of a disease subside

Question 40

Exacerbations

Answer 40

the signs and symptoms of a disease increase

Question 41

Precipitating factor

Answer 41

a condition that triggers an acute episode related to a disease

Question 42

Complications

Answer 42

additional problems that arise after the onset of the disease

Question 43

Therapy (therapeutic intervention)

Answer 43

treatment measures that promote recovery or slow the disease

Question 44

Sequelae

Answer 44

the possible unwanted outcome of the disease

Question 45

Convalescence (rehabilitation)

Answer 45

a period of recover where the patient works to return to their normal state of health

Question 46

Epidemic

Answer 46

a widespread occurrence of a disease in which there is a higher numbers of cases than expected with in a given area

Question 47

Pandemic

Answer 47

the occurrence of disease that impacts larger number and cases in many regions around the world

Question 48

Endemic

Answer 48

a high occurrence of disease in one given area

Question 49

Prognosis

Answer 49

the probability or likelihood of recovery or other outcomes

Question 50

Morbidity

Answer 50

the measure of disease within a group or geological area

Question 51

Mortality

Answer 51

the number of deaths within a group or geological area that results from a particular disease or issue