Module 17: Online Review

Question 1

Sympathetic neurons form the ______ in the hilus of the lung.

Answer 1

pulmonary plexus

Question 2

CO2 diffuses from the pulmonary bloodstream into the alveolar air space, this is called:

Answer 2

External respiration

Question 3

What structures divides the upper and lower respiratory tracts?

Answer 3

larynx

Question 4

Sequence the structures of the respiratory airway.

Answer 4

1. Trachea
2. Primary Bronchi
3. Secondary Bronchi
4. Tertiary Bronchi
5. Terminal Bronchioles
6. Respiratory Bronchioles
7. Alveolar Ducts
8. Alveoli

Question 5

Which gas law states that the partial pressure of a gas is directly proportional to the percentage of that gas in the mixture?

Answer 5

Dalton’s Law

Question 6

Which law states that an increase in the partial pressure of a gas will result in more gas dissolved in a solution?

Answer 6

Henry’s Law

Question 7

The rhythmicity center which contains the inspiratory & expiratory centers is in the:

Answer 7

medulla

Question 8

The thickness of the alveolar-capillary membrane is:

Answer 8

0.5 micrometers

Question 9

To allow inspiration, the pressure inside the alveoli must be _____ than atmospheric pressure.

Answer 9

lower

Question 10

The vagus nerve is responsible for ______ innervation of the lungs.

Answer 10

parasympathetic

Question 11

____ reacts with water to form carbonic acid, a weak acid.

Answer 11

CO2

Question 12

Which gas law states that given a constant amount of gas, pressure and volume are inversely related.

Answer 12

Boyle’s Law

Question 13

Respiration is the process of:

Answer 13

gas exchange in the body

Question 14

Which nerve originates at the spinal cord levels: C3, C4, C5?

Answer 14

phrenic

Question 15

The normal ventilation / perfusion ratio is almost equal to:

Answer 15

1

Question 16

To provide electro-neutraliry, bicarbonate ions are exchanged for:

Answer 16

chloride

Question 17

Respiratory “dead space” is called:

Answer 17

residual volume

Question 18

All of the following are cartilage pieces of the larynx..EXCEPT

Answer 18

• epiglottis
• thyroid
• cricoid
• arytenoid
• cuneform
• corniculate
• GLOTTIS

Question 19

The terminal bronchioles join the respiratory bronchioles from the:

Answer 19

tertiary bronchi

Question 20

At about 5000 to or 1500 m altitude, the partial pressure of 02 in the atmosphere is ___ sea level

Answer 20

lower than at

Question 21

What center ensures that the lungs do not overinflate?

Answer 21

Pneumotaxic

Question 22

Hypoventilation results in high concentration of _____ and_____ blood pH.

Answer 22

C02; low

Question 23

_______ lubricates the pleural membrane and _______ friction between the lungs and the chest wall.

Answer 23

Pleural fluid; decreases

Question 24

What pulmonary structures increase the available surface area for gas exchange?

Answer 24

Alveoli

Question 25

What is the name of the region where the trachea divides into the two primary bronchi?

Answer 25

Carina

Question 26

What respiratory structure warm and humidify air by creating air turbulence?

Answer 26

Conchae

Question 27

What structure is responsible for the change in the thoracic cavity during TV breathing?

Answer 27

Diaphragm

Question 28

What respiratory structure contains the true and false vocal cords?

Answer 28

Larynx

Question 29

The _____ is posterior to the nasal and oral cavities and functions as a passageway for air and food.

Answer 29

Pharynx

Question 30

Collapse of the alveoli is termed:

Answer 30

atelectasis

Question 31

A penetrating gunshot wound or a knife wound that affects the pleural cavity would likely result in

Answer 31

pneumothorax

Question 32

normal breathing

Answer 32

eupnea

Question 33

rapid breathing

Answer 33

tachypnea

Question 34

What would disrupt perfusion?

Answer 34

pulmonary embolus

Question 35

Increased ___ will increase respiratory rate.

Answer 35

C02

Question 36

What center coordinates the transition between inspiration and expiration?

Answer 36

apneustic

Question 37

Gas exchange takes place in the _____ zone. Air movement takes place in the ______ zone.

Answer 37

respiratory; conducting

Question 38

What is the mechanical process which facilitates mass movement of air in and out of the lungs called?

Answer 38

Pulmonary ventilation

Question 39

Hyperventilation results in low concentration of

Answer 39

C02

Question 40

The majority of ___ in the blood is carried as the bicarbonate ion.

Answer 40

C02

Question 41

The volume of air inspired and expired during normal, quiet breathing is:

Answer 41

tidal volume

Question 42

The volume of the air that is still present in the thoracic cavity after an individual has maximally exhaled is:

Answer 42

residual volume

Question 43

Vital capacity is the IRV+TV+?

Answer 43

expiratory reserve volume

Question 44

A fetus would have a very difficult time surviving if they were born prior to ___ weeks.

Answer 44

23

Question 45

During inspiration, the volume of the thoracic cavity _____ so that pressure inside the thoracic cavity _____.

Answer 45

increases; decreases