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Anatomy and Physiology > module 1.1-anatomy > Flashcards

module 1.1-anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what is definition of anatomy

A

study of structure of body and its design

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2
Q

What is definition of physiology

A

Study of function of human body as it relates to the structure

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3
Q

What are 6 levels of organization

A

chemical, cellular, tissue, organ structure, organ systems and organism

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4
Q

Name the different organ systems

A

Integumentory, skeletal, muscular, nervous, lymphatic, urinary, digestive, respiratory, nervous, reproductive, endocrine, cardiovascular

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5
Q

Define metabolism

A

chemical reaction in body enables it to function

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6
Q

define catabolism

A

breakdown of substances into basic building blocks to be used

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7
Q

define anabolism

A

synthesis of more complex structures from simple

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8
Q

What are 3 parts of cellular respiration

A

Glycolysis, Citric Acid Cycle, Electron transport chain

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9
Q

What is glycolysis

A

breaking down Carbon into 2 Pyruvate acid and 2 ATP

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10
Q

What is Citric Acid Cycle

A

Pyruvate goes with 2ATP and releases electrons to continue reaction

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11
Q

What is electron transport chain

A

recreating ATP to be used to build and fuel cells as energy source

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12
Q

Define superior

A

above midline

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13
Q

Inferior

A

below midline

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14
Q

Ventral

A

toward front/anterior

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15
Q

Dorsal

A

toward back/posterior

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16
Q

Medial

A

toward midline

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17
Q

Lateral

A

away from midline

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18
Q

Intermediate

A

between medial and lateral structure

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19
Q

Proximal

A

toward origin

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20
Q

Distal

A

away from origin at attachment

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21
Q

Superficial

A

toward surface

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22
Q

Deep

A

away from surface

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23
Q

Flexion

A

shorten/bend of structure

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24
Q

Extension

A

straighten structure

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25
Q

Abduction

A

move away from midline

26
Q

Adduction

A

move towards midline

27
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

point toes up in anatomical position

28
Q

Plantarflexion

A

point toes down in anatomical position

29
Q

Radial deviation

A

move wrist laterally towards radius

30
Q

Ulnar deviation

A

move ulna medially towards ulna

31
Q

Pronation

A

turn wrist so back of wrist is facing forward

32
Q

supination

A

rotation of wrist so palm is open and facing foward

33
Q

Elevation

A

raising of limbs

34
Q

depression

A

lowering of limbs

35
Q

Protraction

A

pushing a muscle/limb forward

36
Q

retraction

A

pulling muscle/limb back

37
Q

Describe anatomical position

A

standing erect with feet on floor, eyes forward, head up, palms open so that ulna and radius do not cross

38
Q

What are 2 regional areas in the body

A

axial and appendicular

39
Q

what is house in axial region

A

head, neck and trunk

40
Q

what is housed in appendicular region

A

limbs: upper and lower, attached to axis, pelvic and pectoral

41
Q

What are the 3 planes

A

Saggital, frontal and transverse

42
Q

How is saggital plane divided

A

cut into equal L and R with vertical plane

43
Q

How is frontal plane divided

A

cut in anterior/posterior halves in vertical plane: also named coronal plane

44
Q

How is transverse plane dividid

A

Horizontal plane: upper and lower/inferior and superior: cross section is oblique between horizontal and vertical planes

45
Q

What are the 2 main body cavities

A

Dorsal and Ventral

46
Q

What is in Dorsal cavity

A

Cranial and spinal cavities

47
Q

what is in cranial and spinal cavities

A

skull protect brain( cranial), vertebra protects spinal cord( spinal)

48
Q

What is in Vertebral cavity

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic

49
Q

what divides thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

A

diaphram

50
Q

what is in thoracic cavity

A

ribs, muscles in chest, houes visceral organs

51
Q

What lines thoracic cavity

A

serosa- serous memebrane

52
Q

what does serosa do

A

reduces friction as organs move

53
Q

what is pleurisy

A

inflammation of serous fluid

54
Q

What is abdominapelvic cavity

A

2nd of vertebral, divided by diaphragm and broken into 2 segments

55
Q

What are 2 parts of abdominopelvic cavity

A

abdominal and pelvis

56
Q

what does abdominal cavity hold

A

stomach, intestine, spleen and liver

57
Q

what does pelvic cavity hold

A

bladdar, rectum, reproductive organs

58
Q

what are the 4 regions of abdominopelvic cavity

A

UL, UR, LL, LR

59
Q

Define following cavities: umbilical, epigastric, hypogastric, R+L iliac, R+L lumbar, R+L hypochondriac, oral , nasal, orbital, synovial

A

surrounds naval, above naval, below naval, beside lateral to naval, lateral to navel, beside epigastric region, houses mouth, lies within posterior nose, houses eyes in skull, surrounds joints making them fluid

60
Q

What are the bones in the middle ear

A

malleus, incus, stapes

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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