Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

214.102 Applied Sciences for Health Professionals > Module 1 - Body temperature and regulation > Flashcards

Module 1 - Body temperature and regulation Flashcards

1
Q

———– is the measure of the ——— of heat in an object

A

Temperature; intensity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

—- or ——– energy is a form of kinetic energy that results from vibration of atoms and molecules

A

Heat; thermal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

—- temperature is the temperature of organs of the body cavities

A

Core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

—– temperature is the temperature of the surface of the body

A

Shell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

At –˚c muscles fail

A

28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

At –˚c Loss of body temperature control occurs

A

30

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

At –˚c Loss of consciousness occurs

A

33

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

–˚c is the normal body temperature

A

37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

At –˚c central nervous system breakdowns

A

42

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

At –˚c death occurs

A

44

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The mercury-in-glass thermometer is also known as a ——— ———-

A

Clinical thermometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

An electronic (digital) thermometer

A

Thermistor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Plastic strip that can be placed on the head to take temperature

A

Liquid-crystal thermometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A thermometer that measures the intensity of infrared radiation emitted from the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

A

Tympanic membrane thermometer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Core body temperature changes throughout the day. This is known as ——– ———

A

Cyclical variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When is core body temperature at its lowest

A

Around 4am

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Heat can be transferred from the body to the environment in four ways. What are they?

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Transfer of heat from a warm object to a cool object which occurs usually between solids

A

Conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

With conduction —– amounts of heat are lost

A

small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

transfer of heat by movement of a fluid (gas or liquid) between areas of different temperature

A

Convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Convection is a —- process

A

Slow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Transfer of heat in form of infrared rays between a warmer and a cooler object

A

Radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

—- or —– objects absorb infrared radiation more readily than light ones

A

Dull; black

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

——– surfaces reflect infrared rays

A

Silvered

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Conversion of a liquid to a vapour

A

Evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

22% of heat loss from the body is as a result of ———–

A

Evaporation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

15% of heat loss from the body is as a result of ———-

A

Convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

3% of heat loss from the body is as a result of ———–

A

Conduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

60% of heat loss from the body is as a result of ———

A

Radiation

30
Q

——– are at a high risk for large amounts of heat loss

A

Neonates

31
Q

Maintenance of body temperature is a balancing act between —– ———– and —- —–

A

Heat production; heat loss

32
Q

How does the body produce heat?

1. B—- M———-

A

Basal metabolism

33
Q

How does the body produce heat?

2. M——- A——-

A

Muscular activity

34
Q

How does the body produce heat?

3. Hormones - T——— and E———-

A

Thyroxine; Epinephrine

35
Q

How does the body produce heat?

4. T———- effect on —–

A

Temperature; cells

36
Q

Body temperature is maintained by which part of the brain?

A

Hypothalamus

37
Q

A reaction that releases heat

A

Exothermic

38
Q

Heat promoting centres - S—, A—— g—–, T—— g—–, and S——- M—–

A

Skin; Adrenal glands, Thyroid gland; Skeletal muscle

39
Q

How does skin promote heating of the body?

A

Vasoconstriction and reduced blood flow

40
Q

How do the adrenal glands promote heating of the body?

A

Increased adrenaline and noradrenaline raises BMR

41
Q

How does the thyroid gland promote heating of the body?

A

Increased thyroxine raised BMR

42
Q

How does skeletal muscle promote heating of the body?

A

Shivering

43
Q

Heat losing centres - S—, A—— g—–, and T—— g—–

A

Skin, adrenal glands, thyroid gland

44
Q

How does skin promote cooling of the body?

A

Vasodiliation and increased blood flow

45
Q

How do the adrenal glands promote cooling of the body?

A

Reduced adrenaline and noradrenaline, lowering BMR

46
Q

How does the thyroid gland promote cooling of the body?

A

Reduced thyroxine, lowers BMR

47
Q

A persistently high body temperature above 37.5˚c

A

Hyperthermia

48
Q

A persistently low temperature below 36.5˚c

A

Hypothermia

49
Q

Hyperthermia occurs as a result of problems with H— D———– or increased M——– rate

A

Heat dissipation; metabolic

50
Q

Describe symptoms of hyperthermia

A

Feeling hot, sweating and flushed

51
Q

Excessive or prolonged sweat which leads to considerable fluid and electrolyte loss is known as —- ———-

A

Heat exhaustion

52
Q

Describe 5 symptoms of heat exhaustion

A

heat cramps, low blood pressure, fainting, skin feels cool and wet, sweating

53
Q

When a person’s ability to respond to high environmental temperature is impaired and hence core temperature rises dramatically, this is known as —- ——

A

Heat stroke

54
Q

Name 5 symptoms of heat stroke

A 
Skin is hot and dry (no sweating)
rapid heartbeat
confusion
irritability
rapid and shallow breathing
55
Q

Which is more serious, heat stroke or heat exhaustion?

A

Heat stroke

56
Q

Body temperature increases due to a re-setting of the set point of the hypothalamus by pyrogens

A

Pyrexia

57
Q

——- occurs when the body has a new temperature set-point it will respond by trying to conserve heat and generate heat.

A

Pyrexia

58
Q

Beneficial effects of pyrexia 1.

A

Hinders replication of some pathogens

59
Q

Beneficial effects of pyrexia 2.

A

Intensifies the rate of effects of fighter cells

60
Q

Beneficial effects of pyrexia 3. Increased —– —- resulting in

A

Heart rate, quicker delivery of WBC’s to infection site

61
Q

Beneficial effects of pyrexia 4. Increased ——— ——–/metabolic rate = increased ——- ———–

A

Chemical reactions; repair mechanisms

62
Q

The second stage of a fever occurs when ———– is greater than the — —–

A

temperature; set-point

63
Q

What are the symptoms of the second stage of a fever?

A

Feeling hot
perspiring
appearing flushed

64
Q

When the second stage of a fever is reached, what can be used to promote heat loss?

A

Antipyretics

65
Q

What is the principle cause of hypothermia?

A

Low environmental temperature

66
Q

From 36-35˚c, V————-, S——-, and ——— BP occur

A

Vasoconstriction, shivering, increased

67
Q

From-34-33˚c poor C————, C——–, —— BP occur

A

Coordination, confusion, normal

68
Q

From 32-31˚c Consciousness is C——, ——- shivering, and — BP

A

clouded; reduced; low

69
Q

From 30-29˚c Loss of ————- and M——- R——- occur

A

Consciousness; muscular rigidity

70
Q

Below 28˚c Risk of C—— A—–

A

Cardiac arrest

214.102 Applied Sciences for Health Professionals (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions