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Kinesiology > MOD. 1 PART 2. LEC. 1 BIOMECHANICAL FOUNDATIONS > Flashcards

MOD. 1 PART 2. LEC. 1 BIOMECHANICAL FOUNDATIONS Flashcards

1
Q

________________________

The application of mechanical principles to the study of forces on the human body and the results of these forces

A

BIOMECHANICS

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2
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Internal forces (within the body) + External Forces (outside the body)
A

Observed movement

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3
Q
  • Study of growth and development- development of muscle, bones, joints.

_______________________- Study of biomechanically optimal environments

A

ERGONOMICS

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4
Q

__________________________
Clinical evaluation of injuries
Splints and orthotics, carats, prosthetics
Sport performance evaluation

A

REHABILITATION

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5
Q

What are the Three general types of Human Motion?

A

TRANSLATIONAL
ROTATIONAL
GENERAL

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6
Q

__________________________

  • All parts of the body move in the same direction, same distance and same time.
  • the path may be straight >Rectilinear or Curved
A

TRANSLATIONAL

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7
Q

What is an example of a Rectilinear motion?

A

ICE SKATER MAINTAIN THE SAME BODY POSITION

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8
Q

A pair a shoot jumper falling on a curvilinear path is an example of what type of motion?

A

CURVILINEAR MOTION

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9
Q

_______________________
-A body moves in a circular path about some axis
I.e.- leg curl

-all parts of the body traverse the same angle, same direction and same time.

A

ROTATIONAL MOTION

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10
Q

What type of motion is a combo of translation and rotation?

It is most typical and is difficult to analyze.

A

GENERAL MOTION

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11
Q

What are the major areas within biomechanics?

A

KINEMATICS

KINETICS

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12
Q

What is the description of Motion?

EXAMPLES CAN BE;
How far?
In what direction?
How fast?
How fast did it change speeds?
A

KINEMATICS

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13
Q

What is the determination (or causes ) of motion?

A

KINETICS

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14
Q

What are the 2 categories of KINEMATICS?

A 
Linear ————->
Angular /
             / 
            / 
          / 
         /
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15
Q

What are the types of Descriptions of linear motion ?
__________________
__________________
__________________

A

DISTANCE
DISPLACEMENT
SPEED

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16
Q

__________________

The total length of the movement path regardless of direction

A

DISTANCE

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17
Q

___________________

  • Change in body position with reference to its starting
  • position and the direction of movement
A

DISPLACEMENT

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18
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-distance traveled of a body relative to some time period 
-55mi/hr 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_=Length (L)
             —————
             Time (T)
A

SPEED

19
Q

____________________
-displacement of a body over some time period
-___________=Dfinish - Dstart
Tfinish- Tstart

A

VELOCITY

20
Q

__________________
Change of velocity over a time period.

_____________= Vfinish - Vstart
———————
Tfinish - Tstart

A

ACCELERATION

21
Q 
.l
.l
.l
.l
.l
.l.    /\
.l.   /.  \               /
.l.  /.    \.           / 
.l. /.      \.         /
.l/\_\_\_\_\_\_\\_\_\_\_\_/\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
              \.    /
                \. /
                 \/
A

INSTANTANEOUS ACCELERATION

22
Q

________________

Express only magnitude (eg. Calorie, speed)

A

SCALARS

23
Q

_______________
Express magnitude AND direction displacement, velocity, acceleration
^

                         v
A

VECTORS

24
Q

What is the Pythagora’s Theorem Formula?

A

C2=a2+b2

C= -/a2+b2

25
Q

_________________
Body’s resistance to change its present condition.
-a body at rest tends to stay at rest.
-a body in motion tends to stay in motion

A

INERTIA

26
Q

________________
Quantity of a body’s matter.
-directly related to inertia
-the greater the _____, the greater the body’s resistance to change its present condition.

A

MASS

27
Q

______________
The pushing or pulling effect one body may exert on another.
-this is a vector.
-Resultant ______ vectors can be calculated

A

FORCE

28
Q

___________=mass x velocity

WEIGHT. 100 Mdash
Child=30 kg. 15s
Adult=90kg. 15s

Childs momentum = 200kg x m/s
Adults momentum = 600kg x m/s

A

MOMENTUM

29
Q

What are Newtons three Laws of Motion?

These apply to all matter in the Universe
EXCEPT- complex systems, subatomic particles

A

The Law of Inertia
The Law of Acceleration
The Law of Action and Reaction

30
Q

___________________
-a body will continue in its state of rest or uniform motion.

-unless acted upon by an external force.

A

THE LAW OF INERTIA

31
Q

_________________
The acceleration of a body is proportional to the force imparted on it and inversely proportional to its mass

A= f
M
F=m x a

A

THE LAW OF ACCELERATION

32
Q

The measure of Force is called _____________

A

NEWTON

33
Q

__________= force required to accelerate one kilogram of mass at a rate of one meter per second squared

A

NEWTON

34
Q

you push me, i am going to push you back. This is an example of which of Newtons three laws?

A

THE LAW OF ACTION AND REACTION

35
Q

To every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

A

THE LAW OF ACTION AND REACTION

36
Q

All three laws (newtons laws) can also be applied to ______________(__________)
Motion

A

ROTATIONAL (ANGULAR)

37
Q

Force in angular motion must be changed to _________

A

Torque

38
Q

______ = Force x Lever arm

-Force necessary to rotate a body

-Lever arm = the shortest distance from the center of the body’s axis…..
To the line of application of the force.

A

TORQUE

39
Q

______________
A rigid body with an axis of rotation

All have;

  - Axis of rotation (A)
  - A resistance (R)
  - A force (F)
A

LEVER ARMS

40
Q

_________________
Moment (Effort) Arm
The Distance between the axis of rotation (A) and the Force (F)

A

FIRST CLASS LEVER

41
Q

F X FA = R X RA

Stands for what ?

A

FORCE X FORCE ARM = RESISTANCE X RESISTANCE ARM

42
Q

What is the formula for Mechanical Advantage?

A

FORCE ARM
——————
RESISTANCE
ARM

43
Q

In what class lever is the fulcrum located in between the Force and the Resistance?

ITS MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE CAN BE GREATER OR LESS THAN 1.

A

1st CLASS LEVER

44
Q

The ____________ is the most common used in the body.

A

3RD CLASS LEVER

Kinesiology (13 decks)

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