CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Question 1

What are the 4 chambers of the heart

Answer 1

LEFT AND RIGHT ATRIA

LEFT AND RIGHT VENTRICLE

Question 2

Air flow in and out of the Lungs is :

>

Answer 2

INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL TO THE RESISTANCE OF THE AIRWAYS

Question 3

After being pumped to the lungs by the right ventricle, the Oxygenated blood returns to the ______________ and moves to the _______________.

Answer 3

LEFT ATRIA

LEFT VENTRICLE

Question 4

Blood flow (F) through a blood vessel dependent on two factors:
-

-

Answer 4

PRESSURE GRADIENT

• DIFFERENCE IN PRESSURE FROM ONE END OF VESSEL TO ANOTHER
• RESISTANCE WITHIN VESSEL
• LONGER VESSEL, GREATER RESISTANCE
• SMALLER WIDTH, GREATER RESISTANCE

Question 5

_______=heart rate x stroke vol.

Answer 5

CARDIAC OUTPUT

Question 6

Oxygen (o2) exerts 160 mm Hg, what is the percentage of the atmosphere?

Answer 6

21%

Question 7

Possible causes of ___________________;

• risk factors-obesity
• high sodium
• high cholesterol
• family history

Answer 7

HYPERTENSION

Question 8

___________________

• 70 beats per min. (Approx.) during rest but varies depending on:
• age
• cardio-vascular conditioning.

Answer 8

RESTING HEART RATE

Question 9

What are the two types of blood pressure ?

Answer 9

SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC

Question 10

The ________________ receives de-oxygenated blood from the head and other areas of the body.

Answer 10

RIGHT ATRIA

Question 11

______________
-volume of blood pumped per beat (per stroke)
E.g. 65 milliliter (ml) per beat (=.01gallons)

Answer 11

Stroke volume

Question 12

What are some causes of resistance when it comes to air flow in and out of the lungs ?

Answer 12

• stuffy nose
• asthma
• bronchitis
• emphysema

Question 13

_______= P(pressure gradient)
——————————
R (vessel resistance)

Answer 13

BLOOD FLOW

Question 14

______________________

-exchange of o2 and co2 within the cells

Answer 14

INTERNAL (CELLULAR) RESPIRATION

Question 15

_____________________
An abnormal sound heard during examination. This is caused by altered blood flow into a chamber or through a valve. So are no significance, some can signal a cardiac problem.

Answer 15

HEAT MURMUR

Question 16

__________________

-arterial blood pressure during a contraction of the heart (eg 120mm Hg)

Answer 16

SYSTOLIC

Question 17

What are the two types of circulation when it comes to the Cardiovascular System ?

Answer 17

PULMONARY

SYSTEMIC

Question 18

-lightheadedness, easy fatigability, headaches, angina if coronary arteries are involved. These are all symptoms of ______________

Answer 18

HYPERTENSION

Question 19

_________________________
The partial pressure of oxygen ((po2)
Decreases at higher altitudes. Therefore, alveolar po2 is lower than normal o2 has a more difficult time diffusing from the alveoli into the blood.

Answer 19

HIGH ALTITUDE SICKNESS

Question 20

Some treatments for ____________________

• low sodium diet
• reduce diet to control obesity
• adequate rest
• various types of drugs

Answer 20

HYPERTENSION

Question 21

Carbon dioxide (co2) exerts .3mm Hg, what percentage ?

Answer 21

<1%

Question 22

_____________________

• elevated blood pressure exceeding 140/90mm Hg
• thickened arterial wall, inelastic arterial walls, reduced blood flow.

Answer 22

HYPERTENSION

Question 23

The _______________ circulation carries blood to and from the lungs

Answer 23

PULMONARY

Question 24

At sea level the atmospheric pressure is ?

Answer 24

760 mm Hg

Question 25

The ______________ circulation carries blood to and from the heart and other organs

Answer 25

SYSTEMIC

Question 26

___________________
Arterial blood pressure during the relaxation and filling of the heart
(Eg. 80 mm Hg)

Answer 26

DIASTOLIC

Question 27

______________________
>Molecules within a gas move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.
>governs respiration

Answer 27

LAW OF DIFFUSION

Question 28

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
-the mechanical act of moving air in and out of the lungs 
-AIR
   V.    ^
-PHARYNX
   V.    ^
-TRACHEA
   V.    ^
-BRONCHI 
   V.    ^
-BRONCHIAL TUBES 
   V.    ^
-ALVEOLI

Answer 28

VENTILATION

Question 29

The de-oxygenated blood leaves the right atria to the __________________ where it is pumped to the lungs.

Answer 29

RIGHT VENTRICLE

Question 30

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
Consist of the 
-heart blooded vessels 
-arteries 
-veins 
-capillaries and the blood 

*2,100 gallons of blood is pumped per day

Answer 30

CARDIOVASCUAR SYSTEM

Question 31

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
>exchange of o2 and co2 
>between the ;
-atmosphere and the lungs 
-lungs and the blood, blood and the tissue

Answer 31

EXTERNAL RESPIRATION

Question 32

Air flow in and out of the lungs is:
>

Part1.

Answer 32

DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO THE PRESSURE GRADIENT BETWEEN ATMOSPHERIC AND INTRA-ALVEOLAR PRESSURE.

Question 33

Which muscles assist in ventilation ?

Answer 33

• DIAPHRAGM

- EXTERNAL INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES