mobilization vs manipulation

Question 1

are mobilization and manipulation active or passive

Answer 1

Passive joint movement

Question 2

What is mobilization

Answer 2

Passive joint movement to increase range or motion or decrease pain

Question 3

What is manipulation

Answer 3

Passive joint motion to increase joint mobility and reduce pain

Question 4

what is the main differences beween mobilization and manipulation?

Answer 4

Mobilization - varies speed and depth and can be resisted and it only goes to the elastic barrier, Manipulation is fast thrust that patient cant resist, going into the paraphysiological space

Question 5

can mobilization of manipulation be controled by the patient?

Answer 5

mobilization , a patient can stop the movement

Question 6

which one goes further?

Answer 6

manipulation goes to the pariphysiological space

Question 7

what part of vertebrae plays major role in controling passive joint movement?

Answer 7

fascet joints, they resist torsion.

Question 8

orientatio nof cervical fascets

Answer 8

45-parallel

Question 9

direction of thorasic fascets

Answer 9

60 - 2o

Question 10

direction of lumbar facets

Answer 10

90 - 90

Question 11

what are the broad effects of mobilization?

Answer 11

Neurophysiological, Nutritional, mechanical,

Question 12

Nutritional mobilization?

Answer 12

synovial fluid nurishing

Question 13

mechanical mobilization

Answer 13

losens adhesions

Question 14

neurophysiological mobilization?

Answer 14

stimulate proprioception inhibit nociception

Question 15

goal of mobilization?

Answer 15

stimulate neurophysiological, nutritional and mechanical effects.

Question 16

what are the 5 motions of mobilization?

Answer 16

roll, spin, slide, glide, distract/traction and compression

Question 17

Rationale for mobilization

Answer 17

can break tissue adhesions, stretch tissue to help cause permanent changes in the plastic range

Question 18

what is the type of movement for mobilization?

Answer 18

slow, small amplitude oscillations/traction

Question 19

what is the roll and glide for convex on concave

Answer 19

glide occurs opposite that of roll so bone end stays in one place while rotating.

Question 20

what is the roll and glide for concave on convex?

Answer 20

glide occurs in same diretion as roll, so bone sort of rolls around end

Question 21

when saying convex on concave, what one is stationary?

Answer 21

the second one is stationary.

Question 22

what joint mobilizations do not follow the convex-concave rule?

Answer 22

none, they all follow rule

Question 23

what direction is joint restriction in convex on concave movement?

Answer 23

mobilization is in the same direction as restriction - slide tword tight capsule

Question 24

what direction is joint restriction in the concave on convex

Answer 24

direction of restriction is opposite that of the direction its sliding/rolling

Question 25

what are the rules?

Answer 25

Everyone relaxed with a stabalizing hand,

Question 26

what must operator concider

Answer 26

direction of movement, velocity, and amplitude.

Question 27

how many movements and joints are done at once?

Answer 27

only one at a time.

Question 28

what bone is stabalized during manipulation?

Answer 28

the proximal one.

Question 29

how should joint be positioned?

Answer 29

loose packed, open position, lax

Question 30

How many maitland grades of oscillations?

Answer 30

five grades of oscilations.

Question 31

what is grade 5 miatland?

Answer 31

small amp, high velocity thrust beyond end range - to decrease stiffnese.

Question 32

what would grade II be used for?

Answer 32

to manage pain and spasm - mid range movement

Question 33

what maitland grade levels go past tissue resistance, stretch?

Answer 33

three through 5

Question 34

What type of movement is maitland?

Answer 34

oscillations

Question 35

what grade maitland does cavitation and joint lube

Answer 35

grade 5

Question 36

what should be treated first, pain or tightnes?

Answer 36

Pain should be treated first

Question 37

how many oscilations per treatment? Maitland

Answer 37

2-3 oscilation 3-6 sets for 20-60 seconds

Question 38

is tightness or pain treated more often?

Answer 38

Pain is treated daily while tighness is 3-4 times a week

Question 39

what are small amplitude oscilations used for?

Answer 39

stimulate mechanoreceptors and limit pain perception

Question 40

what does kaltenbord do?

Answer 40

combine traction with mobilization

Question 41

what is kaltenborn used for?

Answer 41

decrease pain or reduce joint hypomobility

Question 42

How many kaltenborn grades of traction?

Answer 42

three grades

Question 43

Kaltenborn grade one?

Answer 43

loosen - pain relieve by reducing compression

Question 44

Kaltenborn grade II?

Answer 44

tighten - eliminate play, to determine joint sensitivity

Question 45

Kaltenborn grade III?

Answer 45

stretch - increase mobility

Question 46

what kalten born grades are in available joint play

Answer 46

Kaltenborn I and II are in joint play, II goes into tissue resistantce and stretch.

Question 47

How is kaltenborn applied, directionally

Answer 47

Traction is perpendindicular while gliding is parallel to treatment plane

Question 48

how long do kaltenborn for pain or tightness?

Answer 48

pain: 1-2 minutes, tightness for 20-60 seconds

Question 49

what kaltenborn do you used first to limit painful reaction?

Answer 49

grade I traction, then alternate with grade II.

Question 50

what sort of things are contraindicated for mobilization?

Answer 50

malignancy, fractures or bone disease, inflammation that is acute, acute arthritis, vertebral artery disease, cauda equina lesions, nerve root involve, congenital abnormalities. Seroid use.

Question 51

principles of gait analysis

Answer 51

feet upwards, patient should walk at normal speed. Follow up with other procedures.

Question 52

what is gaits purpose?

Answer 52

to get from A to B efficiently while maintining equilibrium and bareing bodies weight.

Question 53

what can effect gait pattern?

Answer 53

speed of gait

Question 54

walking slowly

Answer 54

spread feet, less swing, shorter step, side to side body

Question 55

walking fast

Answer 55

close feet, large swing, ling step, body foreward

Question 56

what are the two main phases of gait?

Answer 56

stance 60% and swing at 40%

Question 57

what are the 5 parts of stance phase?

Answer 57

Heel strike, foot flat, midstance, push off, heel off, and toe off

Question 58

what are the 3 parts of swing phase?

Answer 58

acceleration, mid-swing and deceleration

Question 59

how long is the gait cycle?

Answer 59

from the time the foot touches the grount till it touches it again

Question 60

what is mid stance?

Answer 60

when body passes directly over the reference leg.

Question 61

push off is made of what movements?

Answer 61

Heel off: where heel leaves the ground and Toe off: where only the toe is left in contact with ground

Question 62

when does swing phase begin?

Answer 62

as soon as toe leaves ground

Question 63

what happens to pelvis on side of swing leg>

Answer 63

Pelvis drops 5 degrees

Question 64

how far does pelvis rotate?

Answer 64

it rotates 4 degress forward on side of swing leg

Question 65

which way does pelvis shift laterally during walking?

Answer 65

Pelvis shifts laterally tword side of stance leg.

Question 66

how far apart are the feet during walking?

Answer 66

2-4 inches between big toes

Question 67

referred pain

Answer 67

percieved at site adjacent or distand from site of orgin

Question 68

radiating pain

Answer 68

pain moves from original area outwarts to another part of body

Question 69

radicular pain

Answer 69

pain along dermatomal distribution due to inflammation etc of nerve root

Question 70

radiculopathy

Answer 70

spinal nerve root irritiation along distribution of a that leads to pain, numbness or muscle weakenss, muscle atrophy.

Question 71

what can help diffierentiat the difference between musculoskeletal and visceral pain?

Answer 71

location, how patiet points to pain was there an injury, how did it start

Question 72

how would a patient point to pain that may indicate visceral?

Answer 72

broad flat hand over large area rather than pointing with a finger.

Question 73

is referred pain visceral or somatic?

Answer 73

either,

Question 74

is musculoskeletal or visceral pain more likely to have identifiable mechanism?

Answer 74

musculoskeltal is more likely to have an identifiable mechanism.

Question 75

what would and insidious onset of pain indicate>

Answer 75

degenerative or chronic

Question 76

what would a sudden onset of pain indicate?

Answer 76

infectious

Question 77

what ususally releaves musculoskeletal pain?

Answer 77

rest, specific positions, heat, cold massage etc.

Question 78

what ususally aggrivates visceral pain?

Answer 78

related to stressing involved organ.

Question 79

if pain was poorly localized, dull and assiociated with nausa and anxiety, what type would you expect it to be?

Answer 79

visceral pain, patology

Question 80

what type of pain ususally has autonomic components?

Answer 80

somatic pain.

Question 81

what could indicate injured muscle

Answer 81

pain with isometric contraction, contraction without movement

Question 82

what could indicate injured ligament, muscel or tendon

Answer 82

pain with passibe stretch

Question 83

pain with direct pressure?

Answer 83

muscle strain, trigger point

Question 84

what would indicate ligamentous injury

Answer 84

pain with distraction

Question 85

pain with compression?

Answer 85

cartilagenous injury

Question 86

Painless crepitis indicates

Answer 86

degenerative joint disease or defomity

Question 87

Painful drepitus

Answer 87

Degenerative joint disease

Question 88

tenter areas with referred pain

Answer 88

trigger points

Question 89

what is pain at rest along meridian at alarm point

Answer 89

deficient chi

Question 90

tentderness along merician at alarm during palp

Answer 90

excessive chi

Question 91

pain on either side of spinous process

Answer 91

joint dysfuncion

Question 92

musculoskeletal diagnosis depends on what 4 things?

Answer 92

anatomy knowledge, history, observation and exam.

Question 93

howwould you avoid overlooking anything ?

Answer 93

sequential approach to patient evaluation

Question 94

what should you avoid doing while taking patient history

Answer 94

leading patient

Question 95

why is asking age pertient

Answer 95

because speciifice diseases or impingments

Question 96

what are the pertinent questions

Answer 96

age, occupation, hobbies, complaints mechanism of injury, predisposing factors, onset, timing, provokers, relievers., exact location

Question 97

why does entire joint complex need examination with trauma?

Answer 97

injury to one side can lead to injury to another.

Question 98

what sometimes makes chronic inflammation better?

Answer 98

activity