Mnemonics Flashcards
“Heads, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes”
3, 6, 9, 12 months of age respectively:
The age a child develops the ability to; Control head, sit up, crawl, and walk.
“SNOW DROP”
Electrophoresis:
S and D: Southern Blotting = DNA
No and R: Northern Blotting = RNA
W and P: Western Blotting = Protein
“I moan and groan for that short QT, but I’m 0k with that tall QT”
Hypercalcaemia causes short QT on an ECG, along with MOANS and GROANS (N/V/Constipation and bone pain/osteoporosis)
0k (Hypokalaemia) = Long-QT.
“Tamoxifendometrial Cancer”
Tamoxifen > Increased risk of endometrial Cancer.
Tamoxifen is a partial agonist and antagonist to oestrogen receptors, so it fits under the “unopposed oestrogen” category when looking at endometrial cancer risk.
“My friend Fil puts Largies in his soup”
Treatments for ED:
-Fils like Avanafil
-L-Arginine supplements (Precursor to Nitric Oxide)
Trouble “formin” a poo
Metformin causes Diarrhoea as a common side effect.
ADOWNosine and AtrUPine
Adeonsine - Bring HR down in SVT
Atopine - Bring HR up in bradycardia
Vaccine Schedule?
8 / 12 / 16 weeks - Always give DTaPP-HiB-HepB
8 / 16 weeks - Both divisible by 8, and 8 looks like a B - Meningitis B.
12 weeks - Pneumococcal has 12 letters in it, so give this.
Come back when you think of something to remember rotavirus is given at 8 and 12 weeks.
“I Get Smashed? Ah, may as Well Forget Smashed”
Pancreatitis causative drugs:
Ah: Azathioprine
Well: Women’s hormones: HRT/Oest
Forget: Furosemide
Smashed: Sodium Valporate.
“Got bendy worms in me az-ole”
Mebendazole as treatment for threadworms (1 for each member of the household).
“Floppy baby, floppy willy, Prader-Willi”
Way to remember that you see floppy baby syndrome in Prader-Willi Syndrome, the disease due to loss of function of part of Cr15.
A child can:
Scribble at 1 years old.
Draw a straight line with (2) ends.
Draw a (3)60 degree circle
Draw a square of (4) sides.
Developmental Milestones
Scribble: 1y
Straight line: 2y
Circle: 3y
Square: 4y
Triangle: 5y
PPP NNN. Prostaglandins keep the PDA Patent, NSAIDS Narrow the Notch.
Give Prostaglandins if you need the PDA to stay open in a R>L shunt. Give NSAIDS (Indomethacin) if you need to shut the PDA.
The Aorta does a large TURN
Aortic Coarctation is common in Turner’s Syndrome (XO)
CRASH and BURN
Kawasaki
Conjuntivitis, Rash, Adenopathy, Strawberry tongue, hands swollen + FEVER.
Staying off school:
Chicken Pox
D/V
Mumps
Rubella
Measles
Whooping Cough
Scarlet
HFM Disease
-Chicken pox, wait until vesicles are Crusted.
-D/V: Two things, wait until you’re two days symptom free.
-Mumps has 5 letters: 5 days after swelling, and this is the same for all MMR illnesses except measles.
-Measles: 4 days from sx onset as above
-Rubella: 5 days from sx onset as above.
-Whooping Cough: “Whoop Whoop, that’s the sound of the alarm”: two whoops = two days after antibiotics.
Scarlet = 24h after antibiotics
HFM: None, already had the infective stage.
“5, 6, 7, 8!”
Gestational Diabetes Cutoffs:
>5.6 fasting
>7.8 2h GTT.
Please remember that you only start treatment after 2w if fasting is below 7.
High to low, brain will blow
Low to high, pons will die
How correction of sodium levels affects the brain.
-High sodium to low sodium, corrected with fluids too quickly, will cause cerebral oedema.
-Low sodium to high sodium, corrected by giving salts, will cause Central Pontine Myelinolysis.
Severe UC, if it’s more than 6,
Admitted then to lower risks!
Moderate happens if five come to play.
Mild attack’s are only four a day,
UC exacerbations:
Mild: 4 bloody stools a day
Moderate: 5 bloody stools a day.
Severe: >6 a day - Admit.
Congenital Adrenal Issues:
“MA adrenals!”
MA = Mineralocorticoids / Androgens.
Look at the number on the disease, and apply an up arrow to 1s, and a down arrow to any other number, then that is how Mineralocorticoids / androgens are affected.
21-Hydro… : Down/Up for Mineral/Andros.
17-Alpha… : Up/Down for Mineral/Andros.
11b-Hydro…: Up/Up for Mineral/Andros.
Reach,
Grab,
Pass object to other hand,
Point,
Pincer Grip
4, 5, 7, 9, 10
(Act this out and it will go in your head quickly, counting upwards from 4)
“4 Narnia!” - Reach out like holding a sword
Clasp hand at 5, 6,
Slap other hand at 7, 8
Point up with index finger at 9,
Bring hand back to other hand but with index finger and thumb pincered at 10.
“Oh Olanza! Risper Quietly and come Clozz”
Atypical Antipsychotics:
Olanzapine
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Clozapine
+Aripiprazole, but this is less likely to cause weight gain and has the best side effect profile.
In Typhoid you have a tight-void
Salmonella Thyphi tends to cause constipation, more than diarrhoea.
LH/FSH Climbfelters and Fallmans.
LH/FSH levels increase in Kleinfelter’s (With the low testosterone). (Hypergonadotrophic Hypogonadism)
LH/FSH levels decrease in Kallman’s (With the low testosterone). (Hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism)
