MM2U2 Flashcards
bahagian
division
penduduk
resident
penduduk
resident
concept
gagasan
Hinduism
Hindu
meliputi
covering
perhubungan
relationship
pembangunan
development
close/tight
rapat
workforce
tenaga kerja
bilateral relations
hubungan dua hala
most widely practised
paling meluas dianuti
classified under/fall within
tergolong dalam
persekutuan
federation/alliance
race
kaum
violence
keganasan
pertemuan
meeting
land routes
jalan darat
warganegara
citizen
jajahan
colony
pemerintah yang cekap
efficient commanders/efficient rulers
various
pelbagai
brilliant government/ praiseworthy government
kerajaan yang gemilang
is/represents
merupakan
termasuklah
including
menyerah kalah
admitted defeat
menyerah
surrender
sejarah
history
comprise/compose of
terdiri daripada
other religions
lain-lain agama
istilah
terminology/jargon
includes/covers
merangkumi
memindah
transferring
isu
issue
emerge/appear
timbul
citizen
rakyat
terancang
organized/planned
on its own
secara sendiri
laut
sea
managing
menguruskan
migration/dumping
lambakan
around
sekitar
titik
point
indigenous Malays
Bumiputera Melayu
kemurungan
depression
penggabungan
unification/merger
perjanjian
agreement/treaty
advancing
kemaraan
keadaan
situation
new
baharu
territory
wilayah
merupakan
is/represents
wide
meluas
terlibat
involved
official religion
agama rasmi
efficient commanders/efficient rulers
pemerintah yang cekap
populasi
population
Ops Benteng
Operation Benteng
latest information/ up-to-date information
maklumat terkini
pendatang asing tanpa izin
illegal immigrant
ethnic group/clan
suku
conditions
syarat-syarat
exploitation
eksploitasi
era of colonialism
era penjajahan
mengikut
follow
smuggling
penyeludupan
states
negeri-negeri
kaum Bumiputera
indigenous race/people
political awareness
kesedaran politik
pentadbiran
administration
sekitar
around
command/regime
pemerintahan
others
lain-lain
Bumiputera Melayu
indigenous Malays
Kristian
Christianity
era/time
zaman
Malaysian Indians
orang India Malaysia
rentas sempadan
cross border
tertentu
specific
sebagai
as
rentas
cross
menampakkan
revealed
anxiety/concern
kebimbangan
education
pendidikan
percentage
peratus
sultanate
kesultanan
density
kepadatan
through/via
melalui
berbudaya Melayu
adapt the Malay culture/practising the Malay culture
sejarah
history
main
utama
sea
laut
illegally
secara tidak sah
his/her authorities
pihaknya
Perseketuan
Federation
unity
perpaduan
kesihatan mental
mental health
jenayah terancang
organized crime
Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)
Movement Control Order (MCO)
ekoran
following/as a consequence
considered to be
dianggap sebagai
masalah
problem
transferring
memindah
Islamic faith
beragama Islam
Islam
Islam
from the aspect of
dari segi
not uniform
tidak seragam
majoriti
majority
semangat nasionalisme
nationalistic spirit
Bumiputera Sarawak
indigenous Sarawakians
situation
keadaan
resistance/opposition
tentangan
secara sendiri
on its own
taraf
status
melalui
through/via
the agreement
perjanjian tersebut
whole of
seluruh
petanda
indicator/hint
agama Sikh
Sikhism
baharu
new
tidak seragam
not uniform
fell into the hands of
jatuh ke tangan
kesultanan
sultanate
total
jumlah
given
yang diberi
bertuah
fortunate/lucky
kaum India
Indian ethic group
organized crime
jenayah terancang
affair
urusan
masuk
enter
Buddha
Buddhism
ruang
space
cruelty
kekerasan
masalah psikiatri
psychiatric problems
asing
foreign
masalah emosi
emotional problems
pembesar-pembesar negeri
state dignitaries
action
perbuatan
transporting
mengangkut
race/ethnicity
kaum
masalah pendapatan
income problems
strategic
strategik
fall
jatuh
Buddhism
Buddha
signed
ditandatangani
prior to this was managed
sebelum ini diuruskan
berketurunan
descendants of/of a certain heritage group
country
negara
populasi Malaysia
Malaysian population
mendesak
compelled/forced
descendants of/of a certain heritage group
berketurunan
ditubuhkan
formed/established
basic needs
keperluan asas
relationship
perhubungan
menjadi isu utama
as the primary issue
semanagat perjuangan
spirit to struggle/fighting spirit
Hindu
Hinduism
exploring/looking at
melihat
adapt the Malay culture/practising the Malay culture
berbudaya Melayu
mass entry/dumping
lambakan
kaum
race
implemented
melaksanakan
lorong tikus
illegal routes (literally translated ‘Rat lanes’)
realisation/awareness
kesedaran
kaum
race/ethnicity
migrant smuggling
penyeludupan migran
pendatang asing
immigrant
steps
langkah
specific
tertentu
pengunduran
withdrawal
returned to power/returned to rule
kembali berkuasa
kaum asal
original race/people
classified
diklasifikasikan
line
talian
all walks of life
semua lapisan masyaraka
about/approximately
kira-kira
agama rasmi
official religion
lantaran itu
preceding that/hence
negeri
state
menandakan
marked
sea/water
air
ekoran
following/resulting from
status
taraf
space
ruang
atomic bomb
bom atom
thing/matter
perkara
yang diberi
given
services
perkhidmatan
based on
berdasarkan
local education
pendidikan tempatan
preceding that/hence
lantaran itu
agreement
persetujuan
infiltrate
menyusup
resident
pemastautin
Bumiputera lain
other indigenous
as
sebagai
outbreak
wabak
agama tidak diketahui
religion not disclosed
kemerdekaan
independence
Islam
Islam
land routes
lalauan darat
jajahan
colonies
kebimbangan
anxiety/concern
penderaan kanak-kanak
child abuse
conquer
menakluki
mencadangkan
suggested
bangsa Asia lain
other Asian races
menaikkan
raise
campur tangan
interfere
pendatang
migrant
bangga
elated/proud
Judaism
agama Yahudi
hubungan dua hala
bilateral relations
its location
kedudukannya
indigenous Sarawakians
Bumiputera Sarawak
brilliant/praiseworthy
gemilang
penghapusan
abolition
Native people
Orang Asli/Orang Asal
meluas
wide
utama
main
merdeka
independent
emosi
emotional
bombing
pengeboman
leader
pemimpin
eksploitasi
exploitation
Foochow people (people originating from the Fukien province and speak Foochow)
orang Foochow
kebimbangan
worries/concerns
kaum Melayu
Malay ethic group
including
termasuklah
either/and also
mahupun
bermulanya
beginning
revealed
menampakkan
pendidikan tempatan
local education
resident
penduduk
constitution
perlembagaan
minority
minoriti
established/formed
menubuhkan
pemerdagangan
trafficking
pengekalan
retention
kebimbangan
anxiety
Semenanjung
Peninsula
diamalkan
practised
ditandatangani
signed
bangsa dunia yang lain
people from other parts of the world
nonetheless
namun demikian
melalui
through
Dayak community
kaum Dayak
mencetuskan
triggering
panggilan telefon
telephone line
maklumat terkini
latest information/ up-to-date information
Peninsula
Semenanjung
hasil
outcome/success
bukan pemastautin tetap
non-permanent resident
Melayu
Malays
mencecah
reaching
menguasai
controlled
mengangkut
transporting
Operation Benteng
Ops Benteng
Malayan Communist Party
Parti Komunis Malaya
London Treaty/London Agreement
Perjanjian London
diuruskan
managed/handled
meeting
pertemuan
occurring/happening
berlaku
menetap
residing
with almost
dengan hampir
social crimes
jenayah sosial
Orang Asli/Orang Asal
Native people
recruiting
merekrut
agreement/treaty
perjanjian
society
masyarakat
negeri-negeri
states
curb
mengekang
orang Foochow
Foochow people (people originating from the Fukien province and speak Foochow)
depression
kemurungan
kedudukannya
its location
kepadatan
density
jatuh
fall
perkhidmatan
service
emotional problems
masalah emosi
elated/proud
bangga
nation
bangsa
pemimpin yang berwibawa
smart leaders/authoritarian leaders
perselisihan
disputes/differences
gagasan
concept
established
ditubuhkan
independent
merdeka
indigenous race/people
kaum Bumiputera
protecting
melindungi
paksaan
compulsion/coercion
pemimpin
leader
compelled/forced
mendesak
administrative system
sistem pentadbiran
mengekang
curb
juta
million
perjanjian
agreement/treaty
cluster
kluster
diklasifikasikan
classified
before
sebelum
minoriti
minority
income
pendapatan
tentera
military
East Malaysia
Malaysia Timur
pendidikan
education
finance
kewangan
Malacca Malay sultanate
kesultanan Melayu Melaka
bumiputera
indigenous/native
menyediakan
providing/preparing
government
kerajaan
Senior Asisten Komisioner
Senior Assistant Commissioner
mental health
kesihatan mental
agama Yahudi
Judaism
merekrut
recruiting
jumlah
total
interfere
campur tangan
entry
kemasukan
immigrant
pendatang asing
menerima
receiving
semangat
spirit/enthusiasm
Serani
Eurasian
keganasan rumah tangga
domestic violence
covering
meliputi
differ
berbeza
sebahagian
part of
raise
menaikkan
using
menggunakan
enhance/improve
mempertingkatkan
facing
berdepan
Christianity
Kristian
reaching
mencecah
terminology/jargon
istilah
penyeludupan migran
migrant smuggling
bom atom
atomic bomb
paling
most
indigenous Sabahans
Bumiputera Sabah
seluruh
whole of
terbesar
biggest
inaccurate information
maklumat tidak tepat
Malays
Melayu
berbeza
differ
launched
melancarkan
tanpa izin
illegal
gemilang
brilliant/praiseworthy
of the residents/of the people
daripada penduduk
membentuk
to form
non-permanent resident
bukan pemastautin tetap
emerge/arise
muncul
kaum Cina
Chinese ethnic group
curb/constrain
mengekang
melancarkan
launched
jenayah
crime
kaum
race/community
indicator/hint
petanda
Malay ethic group
kaum Melayu
faktor sosial
social factors
indigenous/native
bumiputera
perkhidmatan
services
administrative affairs
urusan pentadbiran
accounted/contributed
menyumbang
wilayah
territory
talian
line
smart leaders/authoritarian leaders
pemimpin yang berwibawa
identified
dikenal pasti
orang India Malaysia
Malaysian Indians
organized/planned
terancang
strategik
strategic
cross
rentas
kemaraan
advancing
managed/handled
diuruskan
emotional
emosi
kebiasaannya
usually/generally
million
juta
forthwith
lantas
other indigenous
Bumiputera lain
Sikhism
agama Sikh
menduduki
occupied
jenayah sosial
social crimes
titik pertemuan
meeting point
remaja
adolescents
pembentukan
formation
Bumiputera Sabah
indigenous Sabahans
Indian ethic group
kaum India
timbul
emerge/appear
foreign
asing
part of
sebahagian
special privileges/special rights
hak keistimewaan
Senior Assistant Commissioner
Senior Asisten Komisioner
serangan
attack
illegal routes (literally translated ‘Rat lanes’)
lorong tikus
receiving
menerima
beragama Islam
Islamic faith
melaksanakan
implement/carry out
anxiety
keresahan
Malaysian population
populasi Malaysia
trafficking
pemerdagangan
practised
diamalkan
Director-General of Health
Ketua Pengarah Kesihatan
disputes/differences
perselisihan
bertutur
speak
whether
sama ada
Belanda
Dutch
crime
jenayah
paling meluas dianuti
most widely practised
tergolong dalam
classified under/fall within
illegal immigrant
pendatang asing tanpa izin
tidak berjaya menakluki
unsuccessful in conquering/unable to conquer
dignitaries
pembesar-pembesar
dianuti
practiced/accepted
sama ada
whether
ditubuhkan
established
pengeboman
bombing
Eurasian
Serani
muncul
emerge/arise
Perjanjian London
London Treaty/London Agreement
anxiety
kebimbangan
retention
pengekalan
Malay Rulers
Raja-Raja Melayu
kluster
cluster
Semenanjung Malaysia
Peninsular Malaysia
involved
terlibat
cross border
rentas sempadan
controlled
menguasai
abolition
penghapusan
syndicated
bersindiket
through
melalui
agreement/treaty
perjanjian
colonialism
penjajahan
bangsa
nation
daripada penduduk
of the residents/of the people
urusan
affair
independent
merdeka
hak keistimewaan
special privileges/special rights
colonies
jajahan
pembesar-pembesar
dignitaries
kemasukan
entry
urusan pentadbiran
administrative affairs
sebelum ini diuruskan
prior to this was managed
perkara
thing/matter
berkait
related
menggunakan
using
Ketua Pengarah Kesihatan
Director-General of Health
sebelum
before
ditandatangani
signed
federation/alliance
persekutuan
orang Tamil
Tamilians
Chinese ethnic group
kaum Cina
counselling service
perkhidmatan kaunseling
perpaduan
unity
known
dikenali
penjajahan
colonialism
sering
always
bukan warganegara
non-citizen
melibatkan
involving
implement/carry out
melaksanakan
perjanjian Inggeris-Belanda
Anglo-Dutch Treaty
persetujuan
agreement
Timur Tengah
Middle East
provide counselling
memberi kaunseling
maklumat tidak tepat
inaccurate information
Peninsular Malaysia
Semenanjung Malaysia
till/so far
setakat
history
sejarah
Movement Control Order (MCO)
Perintah Kawalan Pergerakan (PKP)
rumah tangga
domestic
administration
pentadbiran
pemerdagangan manusia
human trafficking
perlembagaan
constitution
related
berkait
citizen
warganegara
practiced/accepted
dianuti
peratus
percentage
signed
ditandatangani
to form
membentuk
religion
agama
spirit/enthusiasm
semangat
rapat
close/tight
sidang media
press conference
state dignitaries
pembesar-pembesar negeri
always
sering
illegal
tanpa izin
other Asian races
bangsa Asia lain
jalan darat
land routes
service
perkhidmatan
handled/resolved
ditangani
dikenali
known
suku
ethnic group/clan
kaum Dayak
Dayak community
rakyat
citizen
menguruskan
managing
psychiatric problems
masalah psikiatri
Covid-19 cluster
kluster Covid-19
state
negeri
dengan hampir
with almost
lain-lain agama
other religions
merdeka
independent
kira-kira
about/approximately
penduduk Malaysia
Malaysian residents
merangkumi
includes/covers
melihat
exploring/looking at
jatuh ke tangan
fell into the hands of
kerajaan
government
British
British
Dutch
Belanda
British
British
spirit to struggle/fighting spirit
semanagat perjuangan
lantas
forthwith
tekong
headman (boss)
masyarakat
society
sistem pentadbiran
administrative system
mahupun
either/and also
dibantu
helped/assisted
diisytiharkan
declared
keperluan asas
basic needs
as the primary issue
menjadi isu utama
era
era
Malaysia Timur
East Malaysia
keganasan
violence
social ills
gejala social
speak
bertutur
formation
pembentukan
secara tidak sah
illegally
dianggap sebagai
considered to be
penyeludupan
smuggling
following/as a consequence
ekoran
perjanjian tersebut
the agreement
dianggap
considered
pencerobohan
intrusion
brilliant era
zaman kegemilangan
terdiri daripada
comprise/compose of
dikenal pasti
identified
strategic location
kedudukannya yang strategik
semua lapisan masyaraka
all walks of life
mengisytiharkan darurat
declared emergency
providing/preparing
menyediakan
worries/concerns
kebimbangan
acquisition
perolehan
child abuse
penderaan kanak-kanak
intrusion
pencerobohan
Ketua Penolong Pengarah
Assistant Director General
acting/playing the role
berperanan
unsuccessful in conquering/unable to conquer
tidak berjaya menakluki
citizen
warganegara
social factors
faktor sosial
outcome/success
hasil
kewangan
finance
ditangani
handled/resolved
online
dalam talian
perbuatan
action
Middle East
Timur Tengah
problem
masalah
kemurungan
depression
enter
masuk
occupied
menduduki
biggest
terbesar
di mana
where
dari segi
from the aspect of
Parti Komunis Malaya
Malayan Communist Party
point
titik
menyumbang
accounted/contributed
setakat
till/so far
tenaga kerja
workforce
beginning
bermulanya
kesultanan Melayu Melaka
Malacca Malay sultanate
considered
dianggap
human trafficking
pemerdagangan manusia
mengekang
curb/constrain
compulsion/coercion
paksaan
non-citizen
bukan warganegara
Siam
Siam (Thailand)
the rest
selebihnya
most
paling
memberi kaunseling
provide counselling
formed/established
ditubuhkan
income problems
masalah pendapatan
majority
majoriti
helped/assisted
dibantu
race/community
kaum
zaman
era/time
residing
menetap
where
di mana
follow
mengikut
declared emergency
mengisytiharkan darurat
development
pembangunan
keresahan
anxiety
depression
kemurungan
lambakan
migration/dumping
marked
menandakan
kedudukannya yang strategik
strategic location
kerajaan yang gemilang
brilliant government/ praiseworthy government
Raja-Raja Melayu
Malay Rulers
pemastautin
resident
adolescents
remaja
gejala social
social ills
unification/merger
penggabungan
melaksanakan
implemented
military
tentera
negara
country
pendapatan
income
menubuhkan
established/formed
involving
melibatkan
royal institution/institutional monarchy
institusi raja
division
bahagian
mempertingkatkan
enhance/improve
problem
masalah
bersindiket
syndicated
berlaku
occurring/happening
menyusup
infiltrate
agama
religion
Assistant Director General
Ketua Penolong Pengarah
original race/people
kaum asal
payment charged
dikenakan bayaran
headman (boss)
tekong
kesedaran politik
political awareness
suggested
mencadangkan
era penjajahan
era of colonialism
institusi raja
royal institution/institutional monarchy
menakluki
conquer
selebihnya
the rest
menguasai
controlled
Siam (Thailand)
Siam
lain-lain
others
berdasarkan
based on
dikenakan bayaran
payment charged
colony
jajahan
meeting point
titik pertemuan
telephone line
panggilan telefon
admitted defeat
menyerah kalah
kekerasan
cruelty
tentangan
resistance/opposition
surrender
menyerah
independence
kemerdekaan
usually/generally
kebiasaannya
kembali berkuasa
returned to power/returned to rule
namun demikian
nonetheless
Federation
Perseketuan
melindungi
protecting
warganegara
citizen
declared
diisytiharkan
press conference
sidang media
langkah
steps
air
sea/water
feeling stressed
tekanan perasaan
kluster Covid-19
Covid-19 cluster
nationalistic spirit
semangat nasionalisme
domestic
rumah tangga
fortunate/lucky
bertuah
migrant
pendatang
tekanan perasaan
feeling stressed
Tamilians
orang Tamil
zaman kegemilangan
brilliant era
berperanan
acting/playing the role
following/resulting from
ekoran
controlled
menguasai
era
era
dalam talian
online
lalauan darat
land routes
berdepan
facing
kesedaran
realisation/awareness
withdrawal
pengunduran
pelbagai
various
perolehan
acquisition
domestic violence
keganasan rumah tangga
lambakan
mass entry/dumping
issue
isu
wabak
outbreak
pihaknya
his/her authorities
history
sejarah
Malaysian residents
penduduk Malaysia
Anglo-Dutch Treaty
perjanjian Inggeris-Belanda
pemerintahan
command/regime
attack
serangan
masalah
problem
population
populasi
resident
penduduk
religion not disclosed
agama tidak diketahui
triggering
mencetuskan
perkhidmatan kaunseling
counselling service
syarat-syarat
conditions
people from other parts of the world
bangsa dunia yang lain