Mixed 26

Question 1

Process where the exons of a gene are reconected in multiple ways during post-transcriptional processing

Answer 1

Alternative splicing

Question 2

Process which allows a bacteria to take up exogenous DNA fragments and express the coded proteins. Pneumococcus, Hib and Neisseria present this feature

Answer 2

Transformation

Question 3

Formula for Specificity

Answer 3

True negatives / (true negatives + false positives)

TN/(TN+FP)

Question 4

Formula for Sensitiviy

Answer 4

True positives / (true positives+ false negatives)

TP/(TP+FN)

Question 5

Formula for Positive predictive value

Answer 5

True positives / (true positives + false positives)

PPV=TP/(TP+FP)

Question 6

Formula for Negative predictive value

Answer 6

True negatives / ( true negatives + false negatives)

NPV=TN/(TN+FN)

Question 7

Hemodinamic and metabolic effects in 2° HTN due renal artery stenosis

Answer 7

Decreased renal artery perfusion and activation of RAAS, what leads to ↑ SVR, hypertension and hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis

Question 8

Characterized by impaired social communication/interactions and restricted, repetitive interests or behaviors. With or withoit language and intellectual impariment

Answer 8

Autism spectrum disorder

Question 9

Pathway of the direct and consensual pupillary light reflex

Answer 9

Light in retina → CN II → pretectal nuclei →Edinger-Westphal nuclei → bilaterally CN III → pupillary sphincter muscle in both eyes

Question 10

White blood cell count acute effects of corticosteroids

Answer 10

↑ neutrophil count, ↓ lymphocye, monocyte, basophil and eosinophil counts