MITOSIS AND MEOSIS

Question 1

“the fundamental biological variant is DNA”

Answer 1

Jacques Monod

Question 2

In prokaryotes, cell division can be observed through?

In the eukaryotes, the cell cycle consists of two distinct phases:?

Answer 2

Binary fission

Interphase and mitotic phase

Question 3

Series of events that occur in a cell to prepare cell division and to produce two new daughter cell

Answer 3

Cell cycle

Question 4

Phases of cell cycle

Answer 4

Interphase and m-phase

Question 5

Is the longest phase of the cell cycle process and is also known as the resting phase.

But it is metabolically active

Answer 5

Interphase

Question 6

The cell increases in size, proteinsynthesis also occurs enable the cell to increase the amount of cytosol

Answer 6

G1 (Gap1 phase/ growth 1 phase)

Question 7

Longest and the most essential stage of the interphase. Due to the complexity of the replication of the genetic material which results 5o the duplication of DNA

Answer 7

Synthesis phase

Question 8

Final stage where the cell prepares itself for cell division and ensures that DNA replication completes

Answer 8

G2 (Gap2 or growth 2 phase)

Question 9

Verify whether all the cellular activities are accurately completed at each stage

Answer 9

Cell cycle checkpoint

Question 10

G1 checkpoints checks…

Answer 10

Cell’s size
Nutrients
DNA integrity
Molecular signals

Question 11

Does the cell increase its size or large enough for cell division?

Answer 11

Cell’s size

Question 12

” have enough reserve energy and nutrients for cell division

Answer 12

Nutrients

Question 13

Is any part of the DNA damaged?

Answer 13

DNA integrity

Question 14

” cell receives growth factors and other signals from neighboring cell

Answer 14

Molecular signals

Question 15

Cell does not comply with the following factors

Answer 15

G-0 phase called resting state

Question 16

G2 checkpoints checks…

Answer 16

DNA integrity
DNA replication

Question 17

DNA replication completed in the s phase

Answer 17

DNA replication

Question 18

If there is an error

Answer 18

Pause

Question 19

It is the self destruction mechanism of the cell to ensure that the damaged DNA is not passed

Answer 19

Apoptosis/ cell death

Question 20

Occur at the metaphase stage of mitosis. Checks whether all chromosomes are properly attached to the spindle fiber

Answer 20

Metaphase cp or spindle cp

Question 21

Result of unregulated process of the cell cycle due to the breakdown of the mechanism

Answer 21

Cancer

Question 22

Genes that cause the cell to become cancerous

Answer 22

Oncogenes

Question 23

Are normal genes that help cells to grow

Answer 23

Proto oncogenes

Question 24

Healthy normal genes that slowdown cell division, repair mistakes and also cell apop6

Answer 24

Tumor suppressor genes

Question 25

Offspring by only one parent

Answer 25

Asexual

Question 26

Genetic material of one parent blended with another

Answer 26

Sexual

Question 27

Humans have how many pairs of chromosomes?

Answer 27

23 pairs

Question 28

Total of chromosome and it's called

Answer 28

46 diploid

Question 29

Half of chromosomes pairs

Answer 29

Haploid

Question 30

-for growth and body cell reproduction - diploid cells -46 chromosomes (2sets)

Answer 30

Mitosis

Question 31

-sex cell (fertilization) -haploid cells - 23 chromosome (1set)

Answer 31

Meiosis