Endocrine system Flashcards
throughout the different glands, secretes hormone that control the growth and development of the body.
Endocrine system
travel throughout the body through the bloodstream, and they are directed toward a specific part of the body, which is called the target organ of the hormone.
Hormones
The master gland because it controls the functions of other endocrine glands.
Pituitary gland or hypophysis
Two lobes of pituitary gland
Anterior and posterior
Promotes the release of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), which are
responsible for the production of
proteins in the body.
Human Growth Hormone HGH
Helps in producing and secreting the
by the Fruitory and and the Effects is
thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland.
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone TSH
It targets the ovaries by initiating the follicles in the ovary, which happens monthly.
Follicle stimulating Hormone FSH
Initiates ovulation;
also controls the secretion of progesterone (female sex hormones)
Luteinizing Hormone LH
affects the mammary glands by initiating
and maintaining the production of milk especially during pregnancy
Prolactin
responsible for the production and secretion of glucocorticoids, the hormones releeased by the adrenal gland
Adrenocorticotropic Hormones ACTH
Causes the kidneys to decrease urine Which helps conserving more, body water, also known as vasopressin
Antidiuretic Hormone
Activated during and after giving birth. Targets the uterus to cause it to contract during giving birth.
Also controls milk secretion in the
breast after giving birth.
Oxytocin
Found in the base of the brain
Controls the functions of the pituitary gland
Hypothalamus
Control the secretion of the TSH
Thyrotropin realising hormone TRH
Stimulates the production of FSH AND LH
Gonadotropin realising hormone GnRH
Initiates the secretion of ACTH
Corticotropin realising hormone CRH
Describe as butterfly shaped gland.
Thyroid gland
T3
Triiodothyronine
T4
Thyroxine
High blood pressure, lose weight, feel irritable
Hyperthyroidism
Weight gain, lethargy, intolerance to cold
Hypothyroidism
Responsible for the calcium level of the body
Calcitonin
Four tiny glands embedded in the surface of the thyroid
Parathyroid gland
responsible for the development of the defense system of the body against disease causing organisms.
Thymus
a type of white blood cells that protect body tissues
T cell
Located in the duodenum of the small intestine
Pancreas
Responsible in regulating the blood sugar level
Insulin and glucagon
Helps in lowering the amount of glucose in the blood when it is to high
Insulin
Small group of cell
Islet of Langerhans
Helps in change excess sugar.
Stored in the liver
Glycogen
Without enough insulin, a person develope
Diabetes mellitus
increases your blood sugar level and prevents it from dropping too low
Glucagon
“above kidney”
Adrenal glands
2 adrenal gland
Inner adrenal medulla and outer adrenal cortex
Produces adrenaline which plays an important role. Body’s emergency action term
Inner adrenal medulla
secretes corticosteroids which regulate the body’s metabolism, electrolyte balance, immune system, and long-term stress response.
Outer adrenal cortex
Maintain the balance of minerals in the body such as sodium and potassium.
Mineralocorticoids
Break down proteins and triglycerides needed by the body.
Glucocorticoids
Secreted by both male and females, but it is an important hormone especially for females because these are converted into estrogen
Androgen
Secretes epinephrine (adrenaline) and
norepinephrine (noradrenaline) which are released during strenuous activities, such as
exercise.
Corticotropin realising hormone CRH
Human reproductive organ
Gonads
near the thalamus of the brain, brain where the two halves of the brain join. It produces melatonin, which regulates body rhythms and
sleep patterns.
Pineal gland
