Mitosis and Cell Cycle

Question 1

What is the essential purpose of Cell Division?

Answer 1

• Transmit a complete copy of genetic info (DNA)

Question 2

What are the 3 stages of Cell division?

Answer 2

1. Interphase (working/resting phase)
2. Mitosis
   2b. Cytokinesis

Question 3

Cell Cycle

What is the first stage of the cell cycle and what happens in it?

Answer 3

1. interphase (Longest)

G1 - Cell grows in size
S - DNA duplicates (2 copies of each chromosome)
G2 - Cell prepares to divide

Question 4

Cell Division

What is the next step in cell division, what are the 4 stages called, and what happens in each stage?

Answer 4

The next step in the division of cells is Mitosis and that is broken up into 4 stages:

Prophase - chromosomes become visible
Metaphase - double stranded chromosomes align
Anaphase - Sister chromosomes divide
Telophase - Chromosomes unravel

Question 5

Cell Division

What is the last stage of cell division and what happens in it?

Answer 5

The last stage is cytokinesis where the cytoplasm divides

Question 6

Mitosis

Describe in detail what happens in Prophase

Answer 6

• Centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell
• Chromatin condenses and becomes visible (now called chromosomes)
• Nuclear membrane begins to disappear
• Spindle fibres form and attach to centromeres

Question 7

Mitosis

Describe in detail what occurs in Metaphase

Answer 7

• Double stranded chromosomes (sister chromatids) line up at the equator of cell (metaphase plate)

Question 8

Mitosis

Describe in detail what occurs in Anaphase

Answer 8

• Sister chromatids separate to produce 2 identical single stranded chromosomes
• Each moves to opposite poles of the cell

Question 9

Mitosis

Describe in detail what occurs in Telophase

Answer 9

Chromosomes reach poles of cell
- They uncoil and become a chromatin again

Nuclear membrane beginning to reform

Question 10

Describe in detail what occurs during cytokinesis

Answer 10

• Cytoplasm and organelles separate roughly equal

- 2 identical daughter cells are formed

Question 11

Plant vs. Animal Mitosis

What are the differences?

Answer 11

• Plant cells undergo cytokinesis by forming a cell plate between the 2 daughter cells

Animal cells developed a cleavage furrow

Question 12

Why do cells divide?

Answer 12

• Growth and development of organism
• Repair damaged tissues
• Reproduction