Chapter 13 & 14 (Minus 13.1) Flashcards
What 2 groups are plants classified into?
- Vascular plants (with vascular tissue)
- Non-vascular (without vascular tissue)
What 2 organs systems do vascular plants have?
- Shoot system (above ground)
- Root system (under ground)
The shoot system is made up of what organs?
- Stem
- Leaves
Define the shoot system
Steams and leaves of a plant; the stems provide structural support and in some cases perform photosynthesis; the leaves are specialized for photosynthesis
What is this definition: Steams and leaves of a plant; the stems provide structural support and in some cases perform photosynthesis; the leaves are specialized for photosynthesis?
Shoot system
What are the 3 main organs in plants?
- Stem
- Leaves
- Roots
What are the leaves specialized to do in the shoot system?
- Specialized to conduct photosynthesis
What is the stem specialized to do in a shoot system?
- Has reproductive structures of mature plants
What organ makes up the root system?
Roots
What do the roots in the root system do?
- Anchor plant by penetrating into the soil
- Absorbs water and mineral nutrients the plant needs
Define the root system
The roots of a plant; it anchors the plant and absorbs the water and mineral nutrients the plant needs
What definition is this: The roots of a plant; it anchors the plant and absorbs the water and mineral nutrients the plant needs?
Root system
What do plant cells have?
- Cell walls (provides support to plant)
- Large central vacuole
- Chloroplasts ( Carry out photosynthesis)
How many types of plant cells are there?
3
What are the 3 types of plant cells?
- Parenchyma
- Collenchyma
- Sclerenchyma
Name some characteristics of parenchyma cells
- Have thin, flexible walls
- Basis of plant structures
- Spherical in shape
- Those in leaves and green stems have chloroplasts
- Those in roots have large central vacuoles (which store substances)
Name some functions of parenchyma cells?
- Storage
- Photosynthesis
- Gas exchange
- Protection
Name some characteristics of Collenchyma cells
- Elongated and occur in long strands or cylinders
- Unevenly thickened cell walls
- Flexible; allows plant to being without breaking
Name some characteristics of Sclerenchyma cells
- Have thick secondary cell walls
- Cell walls contain lignin
- Die once they completed growth
- Lack organelles, but have thick, rigid, cell walls
What is the main function of Sclerenchyma cells?
Provide support for mature plants
How many types of Sclerenchyma cells are there?
2
What’re the 2 types of Sclerenchyma cells?
- Sclereids
- Fibres
What is lignin?
Substance which makes cell walls tough and hard
What is another name for Sclereids?
Stone cells
