Miscellaneous Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Aspirine (Acetylsalicylic acid)
A
Nonselctive, irreversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
2
Q
Levalbuterol
A
Short acting beta-2 agonist
3
Q
Sulfsalazine
A
Anti-inflammatory: 5-aminosalicyclic acid and sulfapyridine
4
Q
Warfarin and Pregnancy
A
Use heparin instead. Fetal death is common
5
Q
Desloratadine
A
Second Gen Antihistamine
6
Q
Metoclopramide
A
Prokinetic Agent. D2 antagonistic Ach release.
7
Q
Diphenhydramine
A
First Gen Antihistamine
8
Q
Zileuton
A
Leukotriene Inhibitors. Inhibits 5-lipooxygenase (leukotriene synthesis).
9
Q
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
A
First Gen Antihistamine
10
Q
Simethicone (gasX)
A
Coats gas and dissipates it
11
Q
Asthma step wise therapy
A
1.) rescue inhaler: beta 2 agonist 2.) inhaled steroid (cromolyn for children) 3.) Leukotriene inhibitor 4.) Long acting beta agonist or another bronchodilator (ipratropium) Add oral steroid whenever needed
12
Q
Indacaterol
A
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
13
Q
Rabeprazole
A
PPI
14
Q
Naproxen
A
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
15
Q
Phenytoin and pregnancy
A
Fetal hydantoin syndrome: growth retardation, mental deficiencies, abnormal genitalia, cardiac abnormalities. Most anticonvulsans are associated with these problems.
16
Q
Prophylactic Migraine Drugs
A
Beta-blockers (propranolol), CCB (verapamil), Antidepressants (amitriptyline, fluoxetine), Clonidine, valproic acid, topiramate, botox, angiotensin II receptor blocker.
17
Q
Certirizine
A
Second Gen Antihistamine
18
Q
Lansoprazole
A
PPI
19
Q
Bisacodyl
A
Laxative. Mucosal Agent.
20
Q
Sucralfate
A
Cytoprotective. Polymerizes to provide a protective barrier cells in ulcers base
21
Q
Certrolizumab
A
DMARD. TNFalpha binder. Human IgG1.
22
Q
Mycophenolate mofetil (cellcept)
A
DMARD. Inhibits lymphocyte purine synthesis
23
Q
Tofacitinib
A
DMARD. Inhibits JAK1 and JAK3. Used for Ra that is intolerant to methotrexate.
24
Q
Golimumab
A
DMARD. TNFalpha binder. Human IgG1.
25
Infliximab (remicade)
DMARD. TNFalpha binder. Chimeric monoclonal antibody. Crohn's and RA.
26
Promethazine
Blocks DA, Muscarinic, and histamine receptors. Anti-nausea. Works for motion sickness.
27
Sorbitol/mannitol/sucralose
Osmotic Laxative
28
Dihydroergotamine
Act on 5HT receptors (less specific than sumatriptan). Symptomatic treatment for migrianes.
29
Etanercept (Enbrel)
DMARD. Binds p75 of TNF receptor to inhibit TNF.
30
Formoterol/mometasone
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
31
Levocentrizine
Second Gen Antihistamine
32
Salmeterol/fluticisone
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
33
Prochlorperazine
Blocks DA, Muscarinic, and histamine receptors. Anti-nausea. Works for motion sickness.
34
Ketorolac
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
35
Cromoyln Sodium
Inhibits release of histamine from mast cells
36
Omalizumab
Monoclonal antibody to IgE to prevent binding of IgE to cells of the allergic response.
37
Azelastine
Antihistamine that decreases histamine release and blocks receptors
38
Bethanechol
Prokinetic Agent. Muscarinic antagonist.
39
Erythromycin
Prokinetic Agent. Used in DM gastroparesis.
40
Adalimumab (humira)
DMARD. TNFalpha binder. Human IgG1. Monotherapy for RA
41
Celecoxib
NSAID. Selective, reversible inhibitor of COX2
42
Hydroxychloroquine
DMARD. Antihistamine, anticholinesterase, antiprotease.
43
Sumatriptan and all "triptan"s
5HT1D agonist on small peripheral nerves. Suppresses release of sensory neuropeptides. Symptomatic treatment of migraines.
44
Ondansetron
5HT3 antagonist. Anti-nausea. Not for Motion Sickness.
45
Polyethylene glycol
Osmotic Laxative
46
Indomethacin
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2. Primary NSAID used for acute gout attack.
47
Loperamine (imodium)
Opiod anti-diarrhea
48
Tiotripium
Muscarinic antagonist. DOC for COPD.
49
Magnesium Hydroxide
Antacids and osmotic laxative.
50
Ranitidine
H2 Antagonist
51
Docusate
Laxative. Lubricant/softener.
52
Aprepitant
NK2 antagonist
53
Nonacetylated Salicylates
Salicylic acid is the active form. No irreversible COX inhibition.
54
Phenylbutazone
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
55
Hydrozyzine
First Gen Antihistamine
56
Ipratropium
Muscarinic antagonist. DOC for COPD
57
Febuxastat (Uloric)
Inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme. Chronic gout.
58
Sex Hormones and pregnancy
VACTERL: Vertebral, anal problems, cardiac defects, renal and limb issues.
59
Budesonide
Inhaled steroid. Improve response to beta agonists.
60
Gold Salts
DMARD. Suppresses cellular immunity.
61
Diohenoxylate and atropine (Lomotil)
Opiod anti-diarrhea
62
Loratadine
Second Gen Antihistamine
63
Allopurinol
Inhibit xanthine oxidase enzyme. Chronic gout.
64
Albuterol
Short acting beta-2 agonist
65
Drug Commonly used in Pregnancy
Valcyclovir, HIV drugs, acetominophen, NSAIDs, opiods, cephalosporins, penicillin, erythromycin, phenotiazines, corticosteroids, thyroid hormones, folic acid.
66
Leflunomide (arava)
DMARD. Inhibits DHODH to inhibit the induction of COX2.
67
Arformoterol
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
68
Sulfasalazine
DMARD. Used for IBD and RA.
69
Pegioticase
Mammalian urate oxidase
70
Senna
Laxative. Mucosal Agent.
71
Abatacept
DMARD. Second signal blocker of T cell activation. Distrubs key mechanism of inflammation and joint destruction in RA.
72
Nizatidine
H2 Antagonist
73
Bismuth Subsalicylate (Pepto-bismol)
Absorbs water and pathogens. Salicylate=anti-inflammatory.
74
Rituximab
DMARD. Binds CD20 on B cells. Used for NHL, and other B cell malignancies.
75
Isoproterenol
Nonspecific beta agonist
76
Pranlukast
Leukotriene Inhibitors
77
Alcohol and Pregnancy
Microcephaly, low ears, flat face, smaller brain.
78
Granisetron
5HT3 antagonist. Anti-nausea. Not for Motion Sickness.
79
Thalidomide and Pregnancy
Damages DNA through oxidative stress leading to limb deformities. Was used commonly to combat nausea.
80
Nedcromil
Inhibits release of histamine from mast cells
81
Promethazine
First Gen Antihistamine
82
Dronabinol/Nabilone
Cannabinoid. Good for chemo induced N/V.
83
Alosertron
IBS with severe diarrhea in women. 5HT3 receptor antagonist.
84
Flunisolide
Inhaled steroid. Improve response to beta agonists.
85
Piroxicam
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
86
Mineral Oil
Laxative. Lubricant/softener.
87
Omeprazole
PPI
88
Vilanterol fluticasone
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
89
Tocilizumab
DMARD. IL-6 receptor inhibiting antibody.
90
Drugs Contraindicated in pregnancy
Statins, flurazepam, temazepam, warfarin, ergots, misoprostol, thalidomide, methotrexate, sex hormones, ribavarin, leflunomide, isotretinoin, ethanol, radioactive compounds.
91
Famotidine
H2 Antagonist
92
Probenecid
Uricosuric agent. Blocks the active reabsorption of uric acid. Chronic treatment of gout.
93
Esomeprazole
PPI
94
Montelukast
Leukotriene Inhibitors
95
Isotrentinoin and pregnancy
Causes structural malformation and functional impairment. Used to treat acne. SINGLE DOSE is teratogenic!
96
Diflunisal
Salicylic acid derivative but not metabolized to salicylic acid
97
Diethylstillbestrol (DES) and pregnancy
Was used to prevent abortion and premature labor
98
Cimetidine
H2 Antagonist
99
Zafirlukast
Leukotriene Inhibitors
100
Sodium Bicarb
Antacids
101
Acetaminophen
Possible only blocks COX in the brain. Less Side Effects than aspirin.
102
Olodaterol
Long acting beta-2 agonist. Given with a steroid.
103
Sodium Salts
Osmotic Laxative
104
Diclofenac
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
105
Rasburicase
Recombinant form of urate oxidase (metabolizes uric acid to allantoin). Chronic gout.
106
Pirobuterol
Short acting beta-2 agonist
107
Glycerin
Laxative. Lubricant/softener.
108
Fluticasone
Inhaled steroid. Improve response to beta agonists.
109
Metaproteenol
Nonspecific beta agonist
110
N-acetylcysteine
Acetaminophen poisoning antidote
111
Theophylline
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor. increases cAMP and blocks the adenosine receptor.
112
Colchicine
Anti-inflammatory by inhibiting leukocyte migration and phagocytosis. Used in Acute gouty attacks. DIARRHEA.
113
Fexofendadine
Second Gen Antihistamine
114
Aluminum Hydroxide
Antacids
115
Lubiprostone
Prostaglandin E1 analogue. Activates ClC-2 Cl channels in luminal cells to increase fluid secretion.
116
Anakinra (kineret)
DMARD. IL-1 receptor antagonist. Used in RA.
117
Levocabastine
Antihistamine that inhibits histamine release
118
Beclomethasome
Inhaled steroid. Improve response to beta agonists.
119
Triamcinolone
Inhaled steroid. Improve response to beta agonists.
120
Ergotamines
Act on 5HT receptors (less specific than sumatriptan). Symptomatic treatment for migrianes.
121
Castor Oil
Laxative. Mucosal Agent.
122
Nabumetone
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
123
Misoprostol
Cytoprotective. Prostaglandin E1 analogue
124
Fiber
Bulk forming laxative.
125
Penicillamine
DMARD. Chelating drug used in RA and Wilson's disease
126
Ibuprofen
NSAID. Non selective reversible inhibitor of COX1 and COX2
127
Pantoprazole
PPI
128
Lactulose
Laxative. NH3 enters GI lumen and is converted to NH4 and therefore trapped.
