Miscarriage Flashcards
What is early miscarriage
Before 12 weeks gestation
Late mmiscarriage when is it?
12-24 weeks
What is missed miscarriage?
Foetus no longer alive, no symptoms have occured
What is missed miscarriage?
Foetus no longer alive, no symptoms have occured
What is threatened miscarriage?
Vaginal bleeding with a closed cervix and foetus still alive
Inevitable miscarriage
Vaginal bleeding with an open cervix
What is incomplete miscarraige
Retained products of conception remain in uterus after miscarriage
What is incomplete miscarraige
Retained products of conception remain in uterus after miscarriage
What is complete miscarraige
Full miscarriage has occured and there are no products of conception left in the uterus
What is complete miscarraige
Full miscarriage has occured and there are no products of conception left in the uterus
Anembryonic prgnancy what is
Gestational sac present but contains no embryo
What is the diagnosis of hcoice for miscarriage
Tranvaginal US scan
What are three key features on US in early pregnancy as develops
Eman gestational sac diameter
Foetal pole and crown rump length
Foetal heartbeat
When is a pregnancy considered viable
When foetal heartbeat is visible
When is a foetal heartbeat expected
When crown-rump length is 7mm or more
What happens when there is no foetal heartbeat and the crown rump length is <7mm vs >7mm
<7mm - scan repeated after at least one week to ensure decelopment of HB
>7mm - scan repeated after a week before confirming non viable pregnancy
When is a foetal pole expected?
5-6 weeks
seen as 3-5mm thickening around yolk sac
What happens when the mean gestational sac diameter is >25mm
Scan repeated after another week
To confirm anembryonic pregnancy
What is expectant managmenet of a miscarriage
Wait for miscarriage without investigations or treamtent (cant view on US too small)
When is expectant miscarriage done?
Less than 6 weeks gestation with no pain or complications
How is an expectant miscarriage confirmed
Repeat urine pregnancy test performed after 7-10 days
Where to refer to when bleeding in more thna 6 weeks gestation
Early pregnancy assessment unit
Investigations for bleeding in over 6 weeks oregnancy
US scan to confirm location and viability of the pregnancy (rule out ectopic)
What are the three management options for miscarriage
Expectant
Medical - misoprostol
Surgical
