misc for exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

biomechanics (def)

A

the study of mechanical laws relating to human movement

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2
Q

human nutrition (def)

A

study of nutrients + other substances in food related to human physiology, health, performance, etc.

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3
Q

recouperation is BLANK term

A

SHORT term

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4
Q

reversibility is BLANK term

A

LONG term

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5
Q

anatomy (def)

A

the study of structures of organism and their relationship to one another

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6
Q

flexion and extension occur in what plane?

A

sagital plane

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7
Q

ADduction and ABduction occur in what plane

A

frontal plane

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8
Q

horizontal ADduction and horizontal ABduction occur in what plane

A

sagital plane

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9
Q

two parts of skelital system

A

1) axial skeliton
2) apendicular skeliton

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10
Q

what bone(s) make up the skull and associated bones

A

skull + mandible

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11
Q

skull + mandible =

A

skull + associated bones

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12
Q

what bone(s) make up the thoracic cage

A

sternum + ribs

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13
Q

ribs + sternum =

A

thoracic cage

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14
Q

what bone(s) make up vertebral column

A

vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx

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15
Q

vertebrae + sacrum + coccyx =

A

vertebral column

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16
Q

what bone(s) make up pectoral girdle

A

clavicle + scapula

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17
Q

clavicle + scapula =

A

pectoral girdle

18
Q

what bone(s) make up upper limb

A

humerus, radius, ulna, carpal bones, metacarpals, philanges

19
Q

humerus + radius + ulna + carpal bones + metacarpals + philanges =

A

upper limb

20
Q

what bone(s) make up pelvic girdle

21
Q

what bone(s) make up lower limb

A

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsal bones, metatarsals, philanges

22
Q

origen (def)

A

a muscle’s fixed attachement point

23
Q

insertion (def)

A

a muscle’s moving attachement point

24
Q

2 phases of dynamic muscle action(s)

A

concentric and eccentric

25
distance (on monark cycle ergometer)
pedal revolutions * 6m
26
glycolysis (def)
the breakdown of glucose (carbohydrates) into two PYRUVATE molecules
27
RER has no units and is ALWAYS rounded to BLANK decimal places
2 decimal places
28
what enzyme are triglicerides broken down by
LIPASE
29
process of breaking down lipids
lipolysis
30
ATP power (def)
amount of ATP a system can produce per unit of time
31
how many ATP does 1 16-carbon FFA produce (beta oxidation)
130 ATP (net)
32
ATP capacity (def)
total ability of pathway or substrate to produce ATP, independant of time
33
ATP capacity and ATP power have a BLANK relationship
an inverse relationship
34
for each L of O2 consumed, BLANK kcal of energy is burned
1L = 5kcal used
35
estimated VO2 rest for everyone
3.5 mL/kg/min
36
lactate accumulation is caused by (5)
1) recruitment of FG fibers during high-intensity work (MAIN REASON BY FAR) 2) insufficient muscle oxygen levels in electron transport chain 3) accelerated anaerobic glycolysis 4) insuficient lactate buffering 5) insuficient rate of lactate oxidations by other fibers (lactate shuttle)
37
low intensity exercise is WHAT percent of VO2 max (relative)
<30-40% VO2MAX
38
moderate to high intensity exercise is WHAT percent of VO2 max (relative)
>40-50% VO2MAX
39
substrate 'crossover' effect (def)
the switch from primarily fat utilization to primarily carb utilization during exercise
40
benefits of resistance training (8)
1) increased functional strength 2) favorable changes in body composition 3) counters effects of type 2 diabetes 4) increases bone-mineral density 5) improved blood-cholesterol levels (more HDL, less LDL) 6) decreased resting blood pressure 7) reduced risk of low back pain 8) decreased risk of injury during physical activity
41
what is the most likely mechanism of cross-education
CNS activity (crossing over of neural fibers etc)