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Medic 16 Cards > Misc Cardiac > Flashcards

Misc Cardiac Flashcards

0
Q

tPA

Another Name

A

Alteplase Recombinant

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1
Q

Alteplase Recombinant

Another Name

A

tPA, Activase

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2
Q 
Alteplase Recombinant (tPA)
Class
A

Thrombolytic

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3
Q 
Alteplase Recombinant (tPA, Activase) 
Description
A

Recombinant DNA- derived from human tPA hormone, tPA promotes thrombolysis by forming plasmin. Plasmin in turn degrades fibrin and fibrinogen and ultimately the clot.

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4
Q 
Alteplase Recombinant (tPA, Activase) 
Indication
A

To thrombolyse in acute myocardial infarction acute ischemic stroke and pulmonary embolism.

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5
Q 
Alteplase Recombinant (tPA, Activase) 
Contraindication
A

Active internal bleeding, suspected aortic dissection, traumatic CPR, recent hemmorhagic stroke (6 months), intracranial or intraspinal surgery or trauma (2 months), pregnancy, uncontrolled hypertension, or hypersensitivity to thrombolytics

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6
Q 
Alteplase Recombinant (tPA, Activase) 
Precautions
A

Recent major surgery, cerebral vascular disease, recent GI or GU bleeding, recent trauma, hypertension, patient > 75 years, current oral anticoagulants, or hemmorrhagic ophthalmic conditions

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7
Q

Heparin

Class

A

Anticoagulant

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8
Q

Heparin

Description

A

Rapid onset anticoagulant, enhancing the effects of antithrombin III and blocking the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin and fibrinogen to fibrin

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9
Q

Heparin

Indication

A

To prevent thrombus formation in acute MI

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10
Q

Norepinephrine Bitartrate

Another Name

A

Levophed

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11
Q

Levophed

Another Name

A

Norepinephrine Bitartrate

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12
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Class
A

Sympathomimetic, vasopressor

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13
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Description
A

Potent alpha agonist resulting in intense peripheral vasoconstriction, positive chronotropic and increased inotropic effects ( from 10% beta effect) with increased cardiac output. Alpha-adrenergic activity resulting in peripheral vasoconstriction and beta adrenergic activity leading to inotropic stimulation of the heart and coronary artery vasodilation

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14
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Indication
A

Cardiogenic Shock, unresponsive to fluid resuscitation, significant hypotension (<70 mm Hg) states

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15
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Contraindications
A

Hypotensive patients with hypovolemia, pregnancy

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16
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Precautions/Bradycardia
A

Bradycardia, hypertension, dysrhythmias, chest pain, peripheral cyanosis, tissue necrosis from extravasation

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17
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Dose/Route
A

Dilute 8 mg in 500mL of D5W or 4 mg in 250mL D5W (16 ug/mL). Infuse by IV piggy-back at 0.1-0.5 ug/kg/min tritrated to response (average dose for 70kg patient 7-35 ug/min)

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18
Q 
Norepinephrine Bitartrate (Levaphed)
Pedi Dose/Route
A

Begin at 0.1-2 ug/kg/min IV infusion, adjust rate to achieve desired change in blood pressure and systemic perfusion. Tritrated to patient response.

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19
Q

Tridil

Another Name

A

Nitroglycerin injection

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20
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Class

A

Vasodilator/Nitrate

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21
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Description

A

Relaxes blood vessels, increasing the blood and oxygen supply to the heart

22
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Indications

A

Infusions used to help relieve the pain associated with angina that does not respond to oral treatment, to control blood pressure; and to help congestive heart failure

23
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Contraindications

A

Hypotension, uncorrected hypovolemia, increased intracranial pressure, constrictive pericarditis and pericardial tamponade

24
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Precautions

A

Headache, severe hypotension, reflex tachycardia

25
Q

Tridil (Nitroglycerin Injection)

Dosage

A

0.2-1.5 mcg/kg/minute

26
Q

Verapamil

Other Names

A

Isoptin, Calan

27
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Class

A

Calcium Channel Blocker

28
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Description

A

Calcium channel blocker that slows AV conduction, suppresses reentry dysrhythmias such as PSVT, and slows ventricular responses to atrial tachydysrhythmias. Dilates coronary arteries and reduces myocardial oxygen demand.

29
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Indications

A

PSVT refactory to adenosine, atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response

30
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Contraindications

A

Severe hypotension, cardiogenic shock, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, CHF,sinus node disease, and accessory AV pathways, WPW syndrome. It should not be administered to a person taking beta blockers

31
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Precautions

A

MI with coronary artery occlusion, myocardial stenosis.

32
Q

Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)

Dose/Route

A

2.5 to 5 mg IV bolus over 2-3 min, then 5-10 mg after 15-30 min to a max of 30 mg in 30 min.

33
Q

Vasopressin

Another Name

34
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Class

A

Hormone, vasopressor

35
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Description

A

Hormone with strong vasopressive and and antidiuretic properties but that may precipitate angina and/or AMI

36
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Indications

A

To increase peripheral vascular resistance in arrest (CPR) or to control bleeding from esophageal varices

37
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Contraindications

A

PVCs, 1st stage of labor

38
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Precautions

A

Epilepsy, migraine, heart failure, angina, vascular disease, hepatic impairment, elderly and children.

39
Q

Vasopressin (Pitressin)

Dose/Route

A

Cardiac Arrest: 40 units IV

Esophogeal Varices: 0.2-0.4 units/min IV drip

40
Q

Eptifibatide

Another Name

A

Integrilin

41
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Class

A

Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor, platelet aggregation inhibitor

42
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Description

A

Prevents aggregation of platelets by binding to the gylcoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor, preventing the binding of fibrinogen and von Willebrand factors

43
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Indications

A

Unstable angina, and NSTEMI (ACS) being managed medically

44
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Contraindication

A

Any prior intracranial hemorrhage, know malignant intracranial neoplasm, suspected aortic dissection, significant closed head trauma or facial trauma within 3 hours

45
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Precautions

A

Cerebral hemorrhage, pulmonary hemorrhage, hypotension, GI bleeding, intracranial bleeding, anaphylactic shock

46
Q

Eptifibatide (Integrilin)

Dose/Route

A

Medical management: 180 ug/kg IV bolus over 1-2 minutes followed by 2 ug/kg infusion for 72-96 hours.

47
Q

Bumetanide

Another Name

48
Q

Bumex

Another Name

A

Bumetanide

49
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

Class

A

Loop diuretic

50
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

Description

A

Potent loop diuretic with rapid onset and short duration of action. Inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending limb oth the loop of Henle

51
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

Indications

A

Pulmonary edema, CHF

52
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

Contraindications

A

Hypersensitivity to bumetanide or sulfonamides, hypotension, anuria, electrolyte deficiencies, hepatic coma.
Use Caution: hepatic cirrhosis, ascites, diabetes, hypersensitivity to furosemide

53
Q

Bumetanide (Bumex)

Dose/Route

A

0.5-1.0 mg IV slowly over 1-2 min, or IM

Pedi: safety and effectiveness in pediatric is not established

Medic 16 Cards (23 decks)

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