Benzodiazepines Flashcards
Valium
Another Name
Diazepam
Diazepam
Another Name
Valium
Diazepam (Valium)
Class
Anti-anxiety, Hypnotic, Anticonvulsant, Sedative
Diazepam (Valium)
Description
Benzodiazepine sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant the reduces tremors, induces amnesia, and reduces the incidence and recurrence of seizures. It relaxes muscles spasms in orthopedic injuries and produces amnesia for painful procedures (cardioversion)
Diazepam (Valium)
Indication
Major motor seizures, status epilepticus, premedication before cardioversion, muscle tremors due to injury and acute anxiety
Diazepam (Valium)
Contraindication
Shock, coma acute alcoholism, depressed vital signs, obstetric patients, neonates
Diazepam (Valium)
Precautions
Psychosis, depression, myasthenia gravis - short half life, seizures may recur
Diazepam (Valium)
Dose/Route
Seizures: 5-10 mg IV/IM
Acute anxiety: 2-5 mg IV/IM
Premedication: 5-15 mg IV
Diazepam (Valium)
Pedi Dose/Route
Seizures: 0.5-2 mg IV/PR
Premedication 0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV
Lorazepam
Another Name
Ativan
Ativan
Another Name
Lorazepam
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Class
Sedative
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Description
Most potent benzodiazepine available. Strong anti-anxiety, sedative, hypnotic, and skeletal muscle relaxant properties, relatively short half life
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Indications
Sedation for cardioversion and status epilepticus
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Contraindication
Sensitivity to benzodiazepines
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Precautions
Narrow angle glaucoma, depression or psychosis, coma, shock, acute alcohol intoxication, renal or hepatic impairment, organic brain syndrome, myasthenia gravis, GI disorders, elderly, debilitated, limited pulmonary reserve
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Dose/Route
Sedation: 2-4 mg IM, 0.5-2 mg IV
Status Epilepticus: 1-2 mg slow IV/PR (2mg/min)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Pedi Dose/Route
Sedation: 0.03 - 0.5 mg/kg IV/IM/PR up to 4 mg
Status Epilepticus: 0.1 mg/kg slow IV/PR (2-5 min)
Midazolam
Another Name
Versed
Versed
Another Name
Midazolam
Midazolam (Versed)
Class
Sedative
Midazolam (Versed)
Description
Short acting benzodiazepine with CNS depressant, muscle relaxant, anticonvulsant and anterior grade amnestic effects
Midazolam (Versed)
Indication
Induce sedation before cardioversion or intubation, seizures
Midazolam (Versed)
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to benzodiazepine, narrow angle glaucoma, shock, coma, acute alcohol intoxication
Midazolam (Versed)
Precautions
COPD, renal impairment, CHF, elderly
Midazolam (Versed)
Dose/Route
1-5 mg slow IV/IM, 3 mg intranasal
Pedi: 0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV, 0.1-0.15 mg/kg IM
