misc Flashcards
characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrom
fine motor dysfunction
visuomotor defecits
balance problems
weak grasp
presentation:
- maxillary hypoplasia
- elongated mid face
- short upturned nose
- short attn span
- poor growth
myositis ossoficans
complication of quadriceps contusion and is caused by heterotropic bone formation on the femur.
during quad contraction, the mm belly rubs across the bone, causing sharp pain
elaborate
mouth devations
a deviation during opening is associated with hypomobility toward theTMJ deviation and hypermobility contralaterally
dehydration in infants
increases respiratory rate
fontalle will be sunken
cold hands/feeet
unable to cry
differentiate orthostatic hypotension v autonomic dysreflexia
orthostatic:
- dizziness
- light headedness
- ringing in the ears when in a vertical position
autonomic:
- t6 or above
- increased BP
- pounding HA
how are exercises performed with patients who have lymphedema
exercises:
proximal to distal
drainage:
distal to proximal
emphysema
abnormal and permanent enlargment of the air spaces distal to the terminal nonrespiraotry bronchioles accompanied by destructive changes of the alveolar walls
patients would have difficulty breathing during exercise due to alveolar dilation
what nerve innervates thenar and hypothenar eminences
thenar: median
hypothenar: ulnar, c8 nerve root
rebound tenderness is associayed with/sign of what
peritoneal inflammation
modified plantigrade
weight bearing on btoh UE and LE over a table or couch
An individual with spina bifida uses a knee-ankle-foot orthosis to
substitute for the lack of mm activity
Osgood-Schlatter disease
is an apophysitis of the tibial tubercle. It is not due to a traumatic incident and is commonly seen in pubescent individuals with a report of pain and tenderness over the tibial tubercle.
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
is used to describe many disorders around the knee that result in anterior knee pain. The patient would report pain in the anterior portion of the knee that worsens during impact-loading activities
bones of the hand
difference between leukopenia v leukocytosis
In leukopenia, the total number of leukocytes is less than normal, and the individual is at greater risk for infection
Leukocytosis is an abnormally high number of leukocytes that generally develops in response to acute infection
-penia- less
cytosis - abnormally high
presenece of significant Q waves means what
indicitaive of MI
premature atrial complex is indicitative of what wave
R wave and the P wave of the early beat is shaped differently from normal P waves
peptic ulcer disease signs and symptoms
Signs of peptic ulcer disease include weakness, diaphoresis, epigastric pain, and coffee-ground emesis. Coffee-ground emesis results from bleeding that has slowed or stopped, with conversion of red hemoglobin to brown hematin by gastric acid.
Heparin is an anticoagulant and is associated with a higher risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
anterior compartment syndrome
can be caused by a blunt trauma and present with sensory deficits such as n/t and coolness of the extremity
adventitous breath sounds
abnormal sounds such as crackles, weheezes and stridor
why wouldnt you adminster insulin on the mm groups that are being worked?
faster delivery into the blood stream which could result in hypoglycemia during short term
classic signs of acute bursitis
tenderness with palaption of the subacromial area
painful arc with PROM
protective mm spasms around the joint
end feel: empty and painful
examples of empty end feel
acute joint inflammation
bursitis
abscess
fracture
pschogenic disorder
examples of hard end feel
chondromalacia
OA
Myositis ossificans
fracture
loos bodies in joint
paradoxical breathing
inward abdominal or chest wall movemnts with inspiration and outward mocement with expiration
cheyne stokes respiratory pattern
breathing that waxes and wanes cyclically so that periods of deep breathing alternate with periods of apnea (no breathing)
clasp knife phenomenon occurs when
result of injury to descending motor pathways from the cortex of the brainstem
what has been found to reduce formation or thickness of hypertrophic scars?
pressure garments worn 23 hours/day
lateral medullary syndrome
AKA: posterior inferior cerebellar artery syndrome -or- Wallenberg sydrome.
symptoms:
- Vertigo
- Nausea and vomiting
- Difficulty with balance and ambulation
- Difficulty maintaining sitting posture
- Blurry vision
- Horizontal or rotational nystagmus
- Crossed hemisensory disturbance
- ipsilateral reduction in facial pain & temperature sensation
- Contralateral reduction in trunk pain & temperature sensation
- Hoarseness
- Poor gag reflex
- Ataxia, both limb & gait
- Dysphonia (difficulty with sound production)
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- Diplopia (double vision)
- Hiccups
- Horner’s syndrome (constricted pupil & drooping eyelid)
- Bradycardia
difference between decorticare rigidity and decerebrate rigidity
decorticare rigidity
- sustained flexion of UE and extension in LE
decerebrate rigidity
- sustain extof the trunk and all extremities
signs/symptoms of nonunion fracture
heat
swelling
erythema
tenderness at fx site
referral to PCP is indicated
what is this working on?
ankle DF
posterior glide
what is this working on
PF
anterior glide
prone - pf
side effects for taking anticoagulants
ecchymosis (bruising) due to increased risk of bleeding
non mechanical pain orgin
syndromes that are not actively related
inflammaotry disease, tumors, metabolic disorders
sensory nerve conduction tests measure what and where
only measures the distal component of a peripheral nerve. it would not be able to detect abnormalities if the lesion is proximal to the dorsal root ganglion
if a pt has had a recent prostatectomy and has UI, what structure can be contributing? what about a vasectomy?
prostateecomy: urethra
vasectomy: ductus deferns
type of glide for:
- wrist flex
- wrist ext
- ulnar devation
- radial deviation
- wrist flex = dorsal
- wrist ext = volar
- ulnar devation = radial
- radial deviation = ulnar
steroid induced myopathy
proximal mm of the lower and upper extremities are affected first
karvonen formula
first you need to calcute HR max = 220-age
you also need HRrest
for moderate intensity, the range is 50-70%
for vigours intensity, the range is 70-85
TargetHR= (HRmax - HRrest x % intensity) + HRrest
you would get two numbers due to the range of 50-70% or 70-85%
ABI range/scale
ankle SBP/arm SBP
greater>1.2 = falsey elevated, DM
1.19-0.95= normal
0.94-0.75= mild arterial disease and intermittent claudication
0.74-0.50 = moderate arterial disease and rest pain
<0.50 = severe arterial disease
stages of lymphedema
1+ = mild, barely perceptible indentation, <1/4 pitting
2+ = moderate, easily identified depression; return to normal within 15 seconds; 1/4-1/2 inch pitting
3+ = severe, depression takes 15-30 seconds to rebound; 1/2-1 inch pitting
4+ = very severe, depression lasts for >30 seconds or more; >1in pitting
