Milgram's variation to explore situational factors on obedience & dissent

Question 1

Give a brief description of the Defer responsibility, the results and reasons for the level of obedience

Answer 1

• the teacher had a assistant who operated the shock generator and presses the switch for them
• 92% up to 450V
• has a sense of shared responsibility so wouldn’t feel as responsible

Question 2

Give a brief description of the learner’s presence in the room with shock plate, the results and reasons for the level of obedience

Answer 2

• the learner was physically present in the room with the P’s, so he had to watch the leaner be shocked. if the learner refused to touch the shock plate the P’s had to force his hand down on it
• 30% up to 450V
• they can physically see the learner get hurt so less willing to continue

Question 3

Give a brief description of the increase the number of teachers, the results and reasons for the level of obedience

Answer 3

• had 3 teachers, 2 was actors and 1 was P’s. they behaved as though they were being studied. 1st actor dropped at 150V, 2nd at 210V and then measured when the P’s would drop out
• 10% up to 450V
• if 2 agreed on a decision then the last person will soon follow (following the crowd)

Question 4

Give a brief description of the conflicting experimenters, the results and reasons for the level of obedience

Answer 4

• 2 experimenters would be present and argue over what was best to do next and would often give the P’s contradictory orders
• 0% up to 450V
• questions the professionalism of authority figure

Question 5

Rundown office block - exp 10: Aim

Answer 5

if the setting of the study affected obedience

Question 6

Rundown office block - exp 10: Procedure

Answer 6

1. equipment moved to an office building of Bridgeport
2. same as original (like sample description and money being kept with P’s) but email didn’t mention yale UNI
3. conducted in a 3 room office in rundown commercial building at downtown shopping area
   (if questioned about validity answer was its a private firm conducting research for an industry)

Question 7

Rundown office block - exp 10: Results

Answer 7

48% went to max

2 refused to at least shock the student

Question 8

Rundown office block - exp 10: Conc.

Answer 8

setting did have an effect but to not what Milgram thought. any setting with a scientific lab deems researchers competent no matter the setting

Question 9

Rundown office block - exp 10: what made them obedient in this situation

Answer 9

to some degree of a lab looking scientific

Question 10

Rundown office block - exp 10: what reason could explain the dissent in this situation

Answer 10

it was located in down town shopping area in a rando commercial building + email had no affiliation with anyone respected (private firm)

Question 11

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: Aim

Answer 11

if the presence of an authority figure will increase obedience

Question 12

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: Procedure

sample 40

Answer 12

after give instructions (how its going to be handled), he dipped and gave orders through the phone

the only difference ^^^ everything else was the same as the original

Question 13

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: Results

Answer 13

9/40 went to max (20.5%)

Question 14

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: Conc.

Answer 14

a physical and see able appearance of an authority figure can easily influence obedience

Question 15

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: what made them obedient in this situation

Answer 15

appearance of an authority figure at the start and on the phone

Question 16

Telephonic instructions - exp 7: what reason could explain the dissent in this situation

Answer 16

physical authority figure wasn’t present. no legit way to prove that the person on the phone is the authority figure

Question 17

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: Aim

Answer 17

if it was how the command was worded and given that was more influential or was it the person giving the order had more influence in making participants obey.

Question 18

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: Procedure

sample 20

Answer 18

1. experiment status was removed so just seen a normal person
2. exact same as the original but experimenter don’t indicate which shock levels being given (at any point)
3. rigged phone call - cue for experimenter to leave + act flustered so it finishes before he leaves
4. the learning info will be recorded automatically and continue until all pairs are learnt perfectly
5. experimenter leaves, accomplice suggest a procedure to follow and keeps insisting to follow it (the shocks increase for every wrong answer = 15V) and each accomplice take turns whenever the Ps refuse

Question 19

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: Results

Answer 19

16/20 didn’t go to 450V + 20% did

Question 20

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: Conc.

Answer 20

presence of authority figure = we become passive but freely criticise the ordinary mans judgement

Question 21

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: what made them obedient in this situation

Answer 21

the short appearance of the experimenter

Question 22

Ordinary man gives orders - exp 13: what reason could explain the dissent in this situation

Answer 22

they saw and perceived each other as equals = don’t need to be obedient