mil prelims Flashcards
1
Q
- a medium of cultivation, conveyance, or
expression
A
MEDIA DEFINITION
2
Q
- classified as print, broadcast, and the internet,
and also covers communication channels
through which news, entertainment, education,
data or promotional messages are disseminated.
A
MEDIA DEFINITION
3
Q
- — also refers to the collective
communication outlets or tools used to store and
deliver information or data.
A
MEDIA DEFINITION
4
Q
- knowledge obtained from
- investigation, study, or instruction ;facts or details
(about a subject).
A
INFORMATION DEFINITION
5
Q
- the quality or state of being literate—the ability
to read and write ; knowledge that relates to a
specified subject.
A
LITERACY DEFINITION
6
Q
- — brings together disciplines that were once
separate and distinct.—- is concerned with
giving people an understanding of the
importance of media and other information
providers. (UNESCO)
A
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY
7
Q
- As Media and Information Literate individuals, we
are expected to:
A
Make informed decisions; Learn
about the world around them;Build a sense of
community; Maintain public discourse; and,
Engage in lifelong learning. (UNESCO)
8
Q
- ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and
communicate information in a variety of forms
and involves the ability to encode and decode
the symbols transmitted via media and the ability
to synthesize, analyze, and produce mediated
messages. — Center for Media Literacy
A
MEDIA LITERACY DEFINITION
9
Q
- involves understanding and using mass media in
either an assertive or non-assertive way,
including an informed and critical understanding
of media, what techniques they employ and
their effects. — UNESCO MIL Curriculum
A
MEDIA LITERACY DEFINITION
10
Q
- intended or unintended consequences of what
the mass media does. — Denis McQuail, 2010
A
MEDIA EFFECTS DEFINITION
11
Q
- set of abilities requiring individuals to “recognize
when information is needed and have the ability
to locate, evaluate, and use the needed
information effectively.” — commonsense.org
A
INFORMATION LITERACY
12
Q
- empowers people to achieve their personal,
social, occupational and educational goals. It is
a basic human right in a digital world and
promotes social inclusion in all nations. —
UNESCO
A
INFORMATION LITERACY
13
Q
○ Information that is false, but the
person who is disseminating it
believes that it is true. — Wardle
& Derakhshan, 2018
A
● MISINFORMATION
14
Q
○ Information that is false, but the
person who is deliberately
disseminating it knows it is false.
— Wardle & Derakhshan, 2018
A
● DISINFORMATION
15
Q
○ Information that is based on reality but used to inflict harm on a person, organization, or country. — Wardle & Derakhshan, 2018
A
● MALINFORMATION
16
Q
is the ability to use digital
technology, communication tools or networks to
locate, evaluate, use, and create information. It
is also known as digital literacy.
— commonsense.org
A
TECHNOLOGY LITERACY
- Technology literacy
17
Q
- The more time people spend “living” in the
television world, the more likely they are to
believe social reality aligns with reality portrayed
on television. Cultural stereotypes and ways of
assessing value and hierarchies are established.
A
CULTIVATION THEORY
18
Q
- It primarily describes the behavior of people in
front of TV cameras and denotes all the effects
of the mass media on actual and potential
subjects of media coverage.
A
RECIPROCAL THEORY
19
Q
- Those who hold a minority opinion silence
themselves to prevent social isolation and
explains the role of mass media in the formation
and maintenance of dominant opinions. As
minority opinions are silenced, the illusion of
consensus grows, and so does social pressure to
adopt the dominant position.
A
SPIRAL OF SILENCE THEORY
20
Q
- media-induced change that is counter to the
desired change.
A
BOOMERANG EFFECT THEORY
21
Q
- Mass media determine the issues that concern
the public rather than the public ’s views. Under
this theory, the issues that receive the most
attention from the media become the issues that
the public discusses, debates, and demands
action on.
A
AGENDA SETTING THEORY
22
Q
- idea or statement that is often false or
exaggerated and is spread in order to help a
cause, a political leader, a government, etc.
A
PROPAGANDA
23
Q
- The model tries to understand how the
population is manipulated, and how the social,
economic, and political attitudes are fashioned
in the minds of people through propaganda.
A
PROPAGANDA MODEL THEORY
24
Q
- “The medium is the message.” - Herbert Marshall
McLuhan, CC
A
TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
25
2 TECHNOLOGICAL DETERMINISM
○ HOT MEDIA
| ○ COLD MEDIA
26
■ Engages one sense completely;
requires little to no participation
from the audience since
content is spoon-fed.
○ HOT MEDIA
27
■ Engages several senses at the
same time; requires a more
active participation from the
audience to fill in the gaps.
○ COLD MEDIA
28
- Society is still in control of technology and the
innovations over time do not dictate how it must
adapt and function in relation to these
technologies. - Brian Winston, Ph.D.
CULTURAL DETERMINISM
29
- A time before there were machines and tools
| that help perform different tasks.
PRE-INDUSTRIAL AGE (before 1700s)
30
- People used the power of steam, developed
machine tools, established iron production, and
the manufacturing of various products including
books through the printing press.
INDUSTRIAL AGE (1700s to 1930s)
31
- The invention of the transistor ushered in the
electronic age. In this age, long-distance
communication became more efficient
ELECTRONIC AGE (1930s to 1980s))
32
- The internet paved the way for faster
communication and the creation of social
network.
INFORMATION AGE (1980s to present)
33
refers to the groups that
| communicate information and news to people.
- The term news media
34
There are three main types of news media:
print
| media, broadcast media, and the Internet.
35
TYPES OF MEDIA CATEGORIES
- Print Media
- Broadcast Media
- Film/Cinema
- Video Games (Digital Games)
- New Media
36
- Digital media that are interactive and involve
| some form of computing.
NEW MEDIA DEFINITION
37
- A phenomenon involving the interconnection of
information and communications technologies,
computer networks, and media content.
MEDIA CONVERGENCE DEFINITION
