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Western Civ (Gracie Watkins) > Midterm Review > Flashcards

Midterm Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 types of societies?

A
  1. Hunting and Gathering
  2. Horticultural
  3. Pastoral
  4. Agricultural
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2
Q

The worship of more than one god

A

Polytheistic

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3
Q

Necessitated the creation of centralized government

A

The need to organize workers for construction and maintenance of the canals

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4
Q

3 main reasons for slavery in ancient times

A
  1. Prisoners of war
  2. Voluntarily selling themselves (escape starvation or satisfy debt)
  3. Born a slave
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5
Q

Who creates the first recorded Empire in Western Civilization

A

Sargon the Great

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6
Q

The river produced _________ that enriched the soul and diluted harmful mineral salts

A

Silt

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7
Q

Compare and contrast Mesopotamian and Egyptian religions:

A

-Both polytheistic
-Sumerians believed in an unpredictable power of the gods (they behave like overgrown children); unleashing devastating floods and wars on humans for no rational reason.
-The sumerians even built the ziggurats to pacify the gods thus avoiding divine punishment.
-While the Egyptians see their gods as benevolent and helpful.

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8
Q

Israelites had to follow a strict religious and moral code

A

The 10 commandments

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9
Q

Greece’s most famous author, Homer, wrote the epic poems:

A

The Iliad and the Odyssey

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10
Q

The most important Oracle in Greece was the:

A

Oracle of Delphi

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11
Q

Helots

A

Slaves of the Spartan city state who were Greek in origin

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12
Q

31 Greek city-states formed a coalition called the ____________ to resist the Persian invasion

A

Hellenic League

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13
Q

AN ancient Greek teaching style:

A

Socratic Method

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14
Q

The new regime deter,ind to settle the internal strife (desire for revenge) that threatening to tear Athens apart issued first known ______ in Western history

A

Amnesty

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15
Q

Plato argues against democracy:

A

For Plato, Democracy allows uneducated, irrational and injudicious

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16
Q

Those who attain the highest level of knowledge

A

Philosopher Kings

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17
Q

3 Military reforms instituted by Philip of Macedonia

A

1.Philip was the first in the ancient world to create a professional army
2.He nearly doubled the length of the spears traditionally used in Greek Phalanx
3.Used cavalry as a strike force to soften up the enemy

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18
Q

Alexanders tutor

A

Aristotle

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19
Q

A ruler who holds absolutely power:

A

Despots

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20
Q

The most famous and enduring governmental body of the ancient world

A

The senate

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21
Q

The highest value, that emphasized strength, loyalty, and courage (especially in war)

A

Virtue

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22
Q

A system based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations

A

Patron-Client system

23
Q

Who possessed the authority to veto any legislation

A

Tribunes

24
Q

2 most significant Roman inventions

A
  1. The Roman Arch
    2.Concrete
25
Q

What were the 2 sources of Augustuss true power?

A
  1. Controlled the states treasury
  2. Loyalty of the army
26
Q

Goal of the principate

A

Stability and order, not political reform

27
Q

The cornerstone of Christian faith

A

Resurrection of Jesus

28
Q

The biggest argument of the early church

A

Trinity

29
Q

Eliminated his last rival in 324 to become the sole ruler of a unified empire

A

Constantine the Great

30
Q

A declaration and summon of the Christian faith

A

The Nicene Creed

31
Q

Constantine established his new capital in the city of Byzantium in 324

A

Constantinople

32
Q

Eastern Empire; for 20 years Justinian attempts to reunite the empire

A

Justinian I

33
Q

For 20 years, they attempt to reunite the Empire contributing to its eventual collapse

A

The Huns

34
Q

Islam means

A

Submission to God

35
Q

The holy scripture of Islam

A

Quran

36
Q

2 divisions of Islam

A

Sunni and Shiites

37
Q

The most powerful men is Merovingian society

A

The Catholic Bishops

38
Q

What was Charles Martel called?

A

Charles the Hammer

39
Q

Charles Martel’s military brilliance?

A

Was his ability to pick the times and place of his battles

40
Q

His Coveted title in Western Europe

A

Defender of the Faith

41
Q

Greatest King of the Middle Ages

A

Charlemagne

42
Q

Significance of Battle of Tours

A

The decisive turning point on the struggle against Islam, a struggle which preserved Christianity as the religion of Europe

43
Q

Where images of Christian figures were banned from art and architecture

A

Iconoclasm

44
Q

Why will the Abbasids moved their capital from Damascus to Baghdad?

A

For its prosperous location near trade routes

45
Q

Wealthy Muslims established and endowed schools for higher learning called

A

Madrasa

46
Q

Just as Europe was on the verge of emerging from the Dark Ages, what will throw them back into it?

A

The Viking Invasions

47
Q

2 causes that lead to the emergence of Feudalism

A

1, Attacks and Invasions by Viking, Muslims, and Magyars
2. Collapse of the Carolingian Empire

48
Q

The individual who receives the land from the landholders are called

A

A Vassal

49
Q

Long distance trade routes were dominated by

A

The Italians

50
Q

The most significant conflict between church and the state in Medieval europe

A

Investiture Conflict

51
Q

This will become the rallying cry for the Crusaders throughout the Crusaders

A

God wills it

52
Q

Legends of this orders secret rituals, huge wealth and lost treasures have long fascinated conspiracy theorists for centuries

A

The Knights Templar

53
Q

List the 3 major significances of the Battle of Hastings

A
  1. England political shift from the Scandinavian words to Continental Europe
  2. The Domesday Book
  3. The birth of the Modern English Language

Western Civ (Gracie Watkins) (10 decks)

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