Chapter 11, 12, and 13 Flashcards
From Carolingian times, schools, and universities existed to educate only…
Monks and priests
Universities were self-governing corporations..
They regulate discipline, scholastic standers, housing, clothing, and behavior
Gothic Architecture
Gothic churches are usually bigger than Romanesque churches, have pointed arches not round arches, and much bigger windows
General Eyre
Group of travelling royal justices who would rule on criminal; as well as civil cases
The crowns right to decide whether to exact personal service or to accept payment in lieu of service
Scutage
Magna Carta
Protection for the barons from illegal imprisonment; new taxation only with partial consent and limitations on scutage
The Magna Carta implied that the…
King was not above the law
Monks who join the Franciscan order will be called __________ from the Latin term for brothers
Friars
Take vows of poverty, they rely exclusively on charitable donations to survive
Mendicants
The Cathers calling themselves
Christ’s poor
Franciscans and Dominicans VS. The Cathers (Differance)
The Cathers; they challenged the efficacy and legitimacy of the church hierarchy
The Northern Crusaders; Northern Europeans
Germans, Teutonic Knight, Denmark, Poland, and Sweden
Christians motivated more by
Land Seizures
Considered the most powerful Pope of the medieval Period
Pope Innocent ll
The Fourth Latern Council
Church sought to regulate all aspects of European society and promote a fully Christian way of life
The Mongols under their powerful leader
Genghis Khan
By 1215 the Mongols had conquered most of China; Mongols rule; leave the existing Russian government in place…
Paid tribute and homage
The most famous of all the Venetian Merchants
Marco Polo
The trade routes between East and West known as the silk road
textiles, ginger, ceramics, copper , silk, and pepper
Ends in 1352 with the deaths of 1/3 - 3/5 of the population
The Black Death
Religion zealots who demonstrated their religious fervor and sought atonement for their sins by vigorously whipping themselves in public displays of penance
Flagellant Movement
French king Philip VI laid claim to Gascony, a fief of the English Kind Edward III
The Hundred Years War; The war begins
Gives England control over Northern France
Resulted in the Great English victory at Agincourt 1415
Turned the long-standing Anglo-French conflict into religious war
Joan of Arc
The _______________ in 1389 effectively marked the end of Christian resistance south of the Danube river
Battle of Kosovo
The Ottomans elite forces they were originally European Christian taken by force from their families
Janissaries
Last Byzantine Emperor
Constantinople XI
The Turks rename the city
Istanbul
Significance of the fall
The fall of Constantinople is the event that ended the middle ages and started the Renaissance; Fall of Constantinople closed the trade routes from the East, this forces the Christian West to seek an All Water Route to the Orient
The Renaissance; The Origins
Florence
Public places such as market places and public squares will be called
Piazzas
“Magnificent”. He was the most powerful and enthusiastic patron of the Renaissance
Lorenzo de Medici
They were the most infamous family of Renaissance Italy
The House of Borgia
The English defeat of the 100 Years War
England
For the next 30 years
War of the Ross
These three countries will battle one another for supremacy of the Americas for over 300 years
Spain, France, and England
