Chapter 4

Question 1

By 338 Athens and her allies are defeated at the Battle of Chaeronea, by the armies of ______________, effectively ending Athenian Independence

Answer 1

Philip ll of Macedonia

Question 2

Plato argues against democracy

Answer 2

For Plato, Democracy allows uneducated, irrational and injudicious

Question 3

Those who attain the highest level of knowledge should rule as

Answer 3

“Philosopher Kings”

Question 4

The reasons for the vise of Macedonian Power

Answer 4

1. They were hardier (tougher) then their Greek neighbors south, due to the harsher more continental climate in the north
2. The disunity of the Southern Greek State
3. The rise of King Philip II

Question 5

The man who ended Greek Freedom

Answer 5

King Philip II of Macedon

Question 6

His military reforms:

Answer 6

1. Philip was the first in the ancient world to create a professional army
2. He nearly doubled there length of the spears in the traditional Greek phalanx
3. Used the cavalry as a strive force to soften up the enemy

Question 7

Philip feared his powerful strengthened army

Answer 7

Would cause instability within his kingdom if they had nothing to do

Question 8

With the news of Philip’s death the southern Greek states defeated from the Macedonian alliance _____________ to demonstrate the price for disloyalty and rebellion

Answer 8

In 335 Alexander destroyed Thebes

Question 9

In 343 Philip chose __________ as Alexanders tutor

Answer 9

Aristottle

Question 10

Alexander was able to inspire his troops

Answer 10

By recklessly exposing himself to danger, fighting alongside them and sharing their hardships and burdens

Question 11

Alexander revealed his strategy for ruling a vast empire, he left Greeks and Macedonians in high ranking bureaucratic positions

Answer 11

we’re more loyal to Greece then the local inhabitants, this made the greek language the universal language of the upper ranks throughout the empire

Question 12

Helleniztion

Answer 12

is the process of spreading Greek culture by encouraging non-Greeks to live as Greeks

Question 13

Alexander founded some twenty cities that bore his name, most of them east of Tigris. The first and the greatest, was ___________, which would become one of the leading Mediterranean cities

Answer 13

Alexandria in Egypt

Question 14

Viewing his dazzling array of conquests, Alexander ultimately began to believe that he was in fact

Answer 14

a god himself

Question 15

A ruler who holds absolute power, topically will exercise it in a cruel or oppressive way

Answer 15

Despots

Question 16

A ruler who holds absolute power, topically will exercise it in a cruel or oppressive way

Answer 16

Despots

Question 17

Hellenistic rulers spread Greek culture by building

Answer 17

gymnasiums, temples, theaters, and other public work projects