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CRRAB 1 > midterm drugs, NT's, and receptors > Flashcards

midterm drugs, NT's, and receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Pargyline

A

MAO inhibitor

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2
Q

Cocaine

A

NE reuptake inhibitor

potentiates sympathetic respone

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3
Q

Imipramine

A

NE reuptake inhibitor

tricyclic antidepressant

potentiates sympathetic respone

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4
Q

Tyramine

A

reverses axoplasmic pumps

more NE in synapse

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5
Q

amphetamine

A

reverses axoplasmic pumps

more NE in synapse

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6
Q

ephedrine

A

reverses axoplasmic pumps

more NE in synapse

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7
Q

Reserpine

A

blocks vesicular accumulation of NE

decreases available NE

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8
Q

guanethidine/guanadrel

A

releases NE from vesicles

depletes NE

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9
Q

epinephrine MOA (receptors):

A

agonist of a1, a2, B1, B2

B > a, but alpha effects predominate at high doses

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10
Q

Isoproterenol

A

activates B1, B2

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11
Q

Phenylephrine

A

activates a1

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12
Q

Dobutamine

A

activates B1

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13
Q

Albuterol

A

activates B2

bronchial SM relaxation (acute exacerbation)

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14
Q

metaproterenol

A

activates B2

bronchial SM relaxation

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15
Q

ritodrine

A

B2 agonist

delays labor

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16
Q

terbutaline

A

B2 agonist

delay labor

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17
Q

salmeterol

A

B2 agonist

long acting asthma prophylaxis

18
Q

B2 receptors have higher affinity for Epi or NE?

A

Epi

B1 is about equal

19
Q

Binds to penicillin binding proteins and inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis. Broad spectrum for Gram negative organisms.

A

Ceftriaxone

20
Q

Forms H-bonds with D-ala-D-alanine and prevents the incorporation of NAM/NAG-peptide subunits into peptidoglycan matrix. Broad spectrum for Gram positive organisms.

A

Vancomycin

21
Q

Beta- lactam ring binds to DD-transpeptidase inhibiting cross-linking for remodeling of peptidoglycan. Inhibits transpeptidase. Narrow spectrum of Gram positive, aerobic organisms.

A

Penicillin G

22
Q

Converts plasminogen to plasmin –> degrades clots

A

tPA (alteplase)

23
Q

Inhibits COX1/TXA2 –> inhibiting platelet aggregation

A

aspirin

24
Q

Binds to opioid receptors in the CNS, causing inhibition of ascending pain pathways, altering the perception of and response to pain; produces generalized CNS depression.

A

morphine

25
Q

forms free radical nitric oxide. In smooth muscle, activates guanylate cyclase which increases guanosine 3’5’ monophosphate (cGMP) leading to dephosphorylation of myosin light chains and smooth muscle relaxation.

vasodilator effect on the peripheral veins and arteries with more prominent effects*** on the veins.

A

NTG

26
Q

competitive inhibitor of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa preventing the binding of fibrinogen, von Willebrand factor (vWF), and other adhesive ligands to the GP IIb/IIIa receptor on activated platelets.

***works when ASA will not

A

Eptifibatide

27
Q

inhibition of histamine at H2-receptors of the gastric parietal cells

A

ranitidine

28
Q

Blocks ADP receptors on platelets → inhibits platelet activation

A

clopidogrel

29
Q

↑ Activity of antithrombin III → inhibits thrombin (and others in coagulation cascade)→ blocks conversion of fibrinogen → fibrin = no clot ☺

A

heparin

30
Q

Inhibit cholesterol synthesis.

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.

A

statins

31
Q

Suppresses RAAS system by inhibiting conversion of Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II. Net effects:
• Decreased Aldosterone release → Decreased Na reabsorption in kidney → decreased blood volume and preload

A

ACE inhibitors

names end in “pril”

32
Q

specifically blocks Beta1 receptors
• Main activity on heart → decrease heart rate and contractility thus decreasing myocardial oxygen demand
• Decreases BP

A

metoprolol

***not in acute CHF….need to get fluid off first

33
Q

non-specific (blocks Beta 1 and 2)

A

propanolol

34
Q

Same mechanism as nitroglycerine

***longer half life

A

isosorbide dinitrate

35
Q

Increases NO synthesis in endothelium.

Higher selectivity for arterioles–> decreased afterload

A

hydralazine

36
Q

Inhibits NKCC2 (the luminal symporter in thick ascending limb of loop of Henle) → ↓ reabsorption of Na+ and Cl- → Increased Na+ & water excretion → ↓Blood Volume →↓Preload

A

furosemide

37
Q

Blocks aldosterone action. Net effects:

• Decreases Na reabsorption in kidney → decreases blood volume and preload

A

spironolactone

eplerenone

38
Q

Inhibits Na/K ATPase:
• Increased Na intracellular concentration
• Increased Na/Ca co-transporter activity
• Increased intracellular Ca++
• INCREASED CONTRACTILIY (positive ionotrope)
ALSO – prolongs nodal action potentials thus DECREASING HEART RATE

A

digoxin

***high toxicity–used in refractory acute CHF

39
Q

AMINO-Beta-Lactam: Binds P.B.P. and blocks transpeptidation of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.

A

amoxixillin

40
Q

beta-lactamase inhibitor

A

clavulanate

add to amoxiccilin

41
Q

contraindication for tPA?

A

endocarditis

42
Q

purpose of B-blockers in MI tx?

A

reduce ischemia (decreases myocardial oxygen demand)

CRRAB 1 (17 decks)

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