Midterm #3 - Inferential Statistics Lecture

Question 1

inferential statistics

Answer 1

• drawing conclusions about a population based on data observed in a sample
• make predictions

Question 2

parameter

Answer 2

• a summary that describes the population
• labeled using Greek letters

Question 3

statistic

Answer 3

• a summary that describes the sample
• indicated by Latin alphabet

Question 4

point estimate

Answer 4

• sample number
• calculated using sample data
• represents an estimate of a population parameter

Question 5

retaining the null hypothesis

Answer 5

• means any difference is due to chance

Question 6

rejecting the null hypothesis

Answer 6

• means any differences are not due to chance

Question 7

statistical significance

Answer 7

• has to do with sample size and the ability to reject the null hypothesis

Question 8

p-value >0.05

Answer 8

• not significant

Question 9

p-value <0.05

Answer 9

• significant

Question 10

t-test

Answer 10

• most common test statistic in psych research for comparing 2 groups
• focuses on distribution when the null hypothesis is true

Question 11

degrees of freedom (df)

Answer 11

• number of pieces of info that are free to vary when estimating a statistic parameter

Question 12

directional hypothesis

Answer 12

• scores less than the mean
• scores greater than the mean

Question 13

non-directional hypothesis

Answer 13

• score not equal to the mean