Midterm #2 - Other Text Terms

Question 1

methodological pluralism

Answer 1

• the use of multiple methods or strategies to answer a research question

Question 2

non-linear relationship

Answer 2

• any association between variables that the use of just 2 comparison groups can’t uncover

Question 3

power

Answer 3

• a study’s ability to find differences between groups when there’s a real difference
• probability that a study will yield significant results

Question 4

empty control group

Answer 4

• doesn’t receive any form of the treatment, just completes the DV

Question 5

one-way analysis of variance

Answer 5

• determines whether responses from the different conditions are essentially the same or whether the responses from at least one of the conditions differ from the others

Question 6

post-hoc tests

Answer 6

• examine all possible combinations of conditions in a way that statistically accounts for the fact that not all of them were predicted ahead of time

Question 7

chi-square test of independence

Answer 7

• both variables are categorical
• generally examines if the distribution of participants across categories is different from what would happen if there were no difference between groups

Question 8

pretest-posttest design

Answer 8

• within-subjects
• participants are measured before and after exposure to a treatment or intervention

Question 9

testing effect

Answer 9

• threat to internal validity
• participants’ scores may change on subsequent measurements due to increased familiarity

Question 10

order effect

Answer 10

• threat to internal validity in within-subjects
• results from influence that the sequence of experimental conditions can have on the DV

Question 11

fatigue effect

Answer 11

• deterioration in quality of measurement due to participants becoming tired, less attentive, or careless during the study

Question 12

sensitization effect

Answer 12

• continued exposure to experimental conditions increasing the likelihood of hypothesis guessing

Question 13

main effect hypothesis

Answer 13

• a prediction that focuses on the effect of one IV on the DV at a time, ignoring all other IVs

Question 14

interaction effect hypothesis

Answer 14

• a prediction about how the levels of one IV will combine with another IV to impact the DV in a way that extends beyond the sum of the 2 separate main effects

Question 15

ordinal interaction

Answer 15

• when one IV has an influence on one level, but not all levels

Question 16

cell mean

Answer 16

• the average on the DV for participants with a specific combo of the levels of the IVs

Question 17

marginal means

Answer 17

• the average of all participants on one level of the IV ignoring the IV