Midterm Flashcards
Who is known as the father of medicine
Hippocrates
What is AARC
Represents RTs and promotes professionalism
What is CoARC
Education programs for Respiratory care
What is NBRC
National credentialing organization. RT board exams
What is credentialing
Recognition of someone in a particular occupation
What is disease management
Refers to an organized strategy of delivering care to large group of individuals with chronic disease
What is evidence based medicine
Treatment based on careful review of available literature
Harmful effects of current depend on
-Amount of current flowing throw body
- path it takes
- duration current is applied
What is PASS
Pull pin
Aim nozzle at base
Squeeze handle
Sweep nozzle across base of fire
What is RACE
Rescue patients in area of fire
Alert/Alarm other people of fire
Contain the fire
Extinguish/ Evacuate other patients and people
What are the 6 factors affecting communication
Environment
Emotional/ sensory
Verbal expressions
Nonverbal cues
Internal or intrapersonal
Physical appearance and status
What is SOAP
Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan
What is proper hand washing
Must be performed before and after patient contact. Wash hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. When using hand sanitizer rub hands until dry
Donning PPE (Put on)
Gown
Mask
Goggles
Gloves
Doffing PPE (Take off)
Gloves
Goggles
Gown
Mask
What is autonomy principle
Acknowledges patients personal liberty and their right to decide their own course of treatment
Veracity principle
Binds health care provider and patient to be truthful
Nonmaleficence principle
Obligates healthcare providers to avoid harming patients
Beneficence principle
Do what’s best for the patient
What are the 2 types of advance directives
Living will: you specify your wishes
Durable POA: you assign someone to make your wishes
What are the 4 elements of negligence
- Practitioner owes a duty to the patient
- Practitioner breaches to that duty
- The breach of duty was the cause of damages
- Damage or harm came to the patient
What is HIPPA
Congressional act(1996) to establish standard for privacy of individuals health information
What is the law of thermodynamics
Energy can be changed but never destroyed
What is conduction (heat transfer)
Heat transfer in solids via direct contact
What is convection
Heat transfer in liquids and gasses via direct contact
What is radiation
Heat transfer via indirect contact
What is evaporation
When liquid turns to gas
What is condensation
Gas turns to liquid
What are the 8 properties in liquids
Pressure
Buoyancy
Viscosity
Cohesion and Adhesion
Surface tension
Capillary action
Flow and shape
What are the 6 properties in gas
Kinetic energy
Gas pressure
Density
Diffusion
Partial pressure
Henry’s law( gas dissolved in liquids
What’s the difference between cohesion and adhesion
-Adhesion: forces are attractive between two different molecules (water sticking to other substance) CONCAVE SHAPE
- Cohesion: forces are attractive between two similar molecules ( water stick to water)
CONVEX SHAPE
Temp scales
C-> F
F->C
C-> F : F= 30+(C* 2)
F->C : C=(F-30)/2
What is viscosity
Force opposing fluids flow
Thick like honey
What is capillary action
Phenomenon when a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity. Has surface tension and adhesive
What is Gay lussacs law
Pressure and temp
Water vapor pressure is at — degrees
37 Celsius
What is absolute humidity
Aka water vapor content. The actual mass of water in a measured volume of air
Water vapor content of 43.8 mg/L
Water vapor pressure of 47 mmHg
What is relative humidity
The ratio of actual water vapor present in a gas compared with the capacity of that gas to hold the vapor at a given temp
Equation for relative humidity
RH= (content AH) / ( saturated capacity) x 100
What is boyles law
Pressure and volume
What is critical temp
Kinetic activity of molecules is so great that the attractive forces cannot keep them in liquid state
Laminar vs turbulent flow
Laminar: fluid moves in straight lines
Turbulent: loss of regular streamlines, irregular patterns
What is poiseuilles law
Pressure needed to drive a fluid through a tube will increase if viscosity, length and flow increases or the radius decrease
P= 8nLV/ pi r 4
Bernoullis principle
An increase in velocity of fluid results in a decrease in sum of its static pressure and total energy
Flow through narrow passage will increase velocity and decrease pressure
Primary purpose of respiratory
Absorb o2 and excrete co2
Internal vs external gas exchange
External: gas exchange between blood and atmosphere
Internal: exchange between blood and tissues
Major muscles for resp and accessory muscles
Major muscles: intercostals and diaphragm
Accessory muscles: pectoralis, sternocleidomastoid and abdominal wall
Diaphragm
Hyperinflation: increased lung volume flattens diaphragm
Innervated by phrenic nerves from c3-c5
What airway participate in gas exchange
Respiratory ( terminal) airways
Anatomic dead space
Gas that does not participate in gas exchange
1ml/ lb of ideal body weight
Where is surfactant made and stored
Type 2 pneumocytes
Decreased surfactant will oppose lung inflation
Volume of RBC red blood cells
4-6 mill/ mm3
Volume of blood
5-6
What is pericardial effusion
Abnormal amount of accumulated fluid between layers
What is frank starling law
The more cardiac fiber is stretched, the greater the tension when it contracts
What is SVR
Systemic vascular resistance
Sum of all opposing forces to blood flow through systemic circulation
SVR• (MAP-RAP)/CO
What is normal value for MAP (mean aortic pressure)
80-100 mmHg
