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Intro To Resp Care > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Boyles law

A

Law of relationship between gas volume and pressure. Boyle published a paper on this law

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2
Q

CoARC

A

Professional organization that accredits/ monitors resp care education programs

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3
Q

NBRC

A

Organization responsible for the respiratory credentialing exams

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4
Q

AARC

A

National professional association for resp care. Promotes professionalism and eviden based practice

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5
Q

What does RACE stand for

A

Rescue patients in area of fire
Alert/Alarm other people of fire
Contain the fire
Extinguish/ Evacuate other patients and people

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6
Q

Correct order to don (put on) PPE

A

1.Gown
2. Mask
3. Goggles
4. Gloves

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7
Q

What’s the purpose of cleaning equipment. Aka infection control

A

To prevent cross contamination

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8
Q

Process of decontaminating equipment

A
  1. Cleaning
  2. Disinfection
  3. Sterilizing
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9
Q

What’s effective for destroying microorganisms/ spores

A

Autoclave: (steam sterilization)

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10
Q

What are the 6 properties in gas

A
  • kinetic energy
  • gas pressure
  • density
  • diffusion
  • partial pressure
  • Henry’s law ( gas dissolved in liquids)
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11
Q

How does cohesive relate to surface tension

A

Cohesive forced between liquid molecules are responsible for causing surface tension

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12
Q

What is convection and an example of it

A

Heat transfers via direct contact with liquids and gases.
Example: incubator

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13
Q

What’s the primary function of respiratory system

A

Absorption of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide

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14
Q

2 primary and 4 accessory muscles of respiration

A

Primary: Diaphragm and intercostals
Accessory: Scalene, sternocleidomastoids, pectoralis and abdominal wall

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15
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

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16
Q

What’s the difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation

A

Pulmonary is low pressure low resistance
Systemic is high pressure high resistance

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17
Q

What’s gas diffusion

A

Process of molecules moving from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration

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18
Q

MAP ( Mean aortic pressure) calculations

A

MAP= [(diastolic x2) + systolic]/ 3

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19
Q

CaO2

A

CaO2= ( hb x 1.34 x SaO2) + (PaO2 x 0.003)

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20
Q

Minute ventilation calculation

A

Ve= vt x RR

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21
Q

Alveolar minute ventilation calculation

A

Va=(vt-vd dead space) x RR
Dead space = 1 ml/ lb of IBW

22
Q

Polycythemia

A

An excess of hemoglobin characteristics of the COPD patients in response to chronic hypoxemia they have

23
Q

The 4 critical life functions

A
  1. Ventilation: open airways and breathe
  2. Oxygenation: increase fio2
  3. Circulation: chest compression, difibs drugs
  4. Perfusion: increase blood pressure
24
Q

What does coarse crackles indicate

A

Large airway secretions

25
Normal PaO2
80-100
26
What are the values of hypoxemia (mild, moderate and severe)
Mild: 60-79 Moderate: 40-59 Severe: <40
27
Normal heart rate and what causes it
60-100 bpm Pulmonary diseases cause decrease in paO2 and increase O2 consumption so the body tries to compensate by increasing HR to increase cardiac output
28
RR values
Normal: 12-20 Apnea: no respirations Tachypnea: >20 Bradypnea: <12
29
Blood pressure
120/80 Range: 140/90 to 90/60
30
Increased vs decreased resonance
Increased resonance: any disease that is characteristic of excess air Decrease resonance: any disease that is characteristic of excess fluid and/ or lack of air
31
What is stridor
Upper airway obstruction
32
Where is the common site for ABG
Radial artery
33
What view for chest roentgenograph can be taken in bed
Anteroposterior supine and lateral decubitus
34
What cxr ( chest xray) view is best for pleural effusion
Lateral decubitus
35
How a ptx( pneumothorax) present on cxr
Pleura line pulled away from chest wall
36
How does atelectasis look with a tracheal deviation on cxr
Tracheal shift, elevation of hemidiaphragm and shift of hilum towards affected site= volume loss
37
What is compliance and what’s the difference between fibrotic and emphysemic lung
Compliance: Measure of the lungs ability to stretch and expand Emphysemic lung: increases compliance Fibrotic lung: decreases compliance
38
What is airway resistance and where is it usually found
When gas is trying to flow into the airways but it is being impeded Found in nose, mouth and large airways
39
PAO2-PaO2 Aka A-a gradient normal value
5-10 mmHg
40
Increased vs decreased affinity
Increased affinity: oxygen strongly binds to hemoglobin and is less available to tissue Decreased affinity: hemoglobin tries to detach from oxygen, allowing hb to easily off-load oxygen to peripheral tissues
41
What effect does positive pressure have on cardiac output and blood pressure
decreases amount of blood pumped and decreases venous return to the heart
42
Carbon dioxide affinity
200 times faster than oxygen
43
What indirectly controls breathing
PaCO2
44
What stimulates central chemoreceptors
Co2 and hydrogen ions
45
Where is peripheral chemoreceptors located
Aortic arch and distractions of common carotid arteries
46
Which node has the greatest automaticity
SA node
47
What wave is seen as atrial depolarization vs ventricular depolarization
Atrial depolarization: P wave Ventricular depolarization: QRS wave
48
What does elevated ST segment indicates
Ischemia
49
What are some life threatening rhythms
Ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia
50
What to do if patient has no pulse but has rhythm
Continue CPR

Intro To Resp Care (13 decks)

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