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Intro To Resp Care > Final Exam > Flashcards

Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Boyles law

A

Law of relationship between gas volume and pressure. Boyle published a paper on this law

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2
Q

CoARC

A

Professional organization that accredits/ monitors resp care education programs

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3
Q

NBRC

A

Organization responsible for the respiratory credentialing exams

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4
Q

AARC

A

National professional association for resp care. Promotes professionalism and eviden based practice

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5
Q

What does RACE stand for

A

Rescue patients in area of fire
Alert/Alarm other people of fire
Contain the fire
Extinguish/ Evacuate other patients and people

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6
Q

Correct order to don (put on) PPE

A

1.Gown
2. Mask
3. Goggles
4. Gloves

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7
Q

What’s the purpose of cleaning equipment. Aka infection control

A

To prevent cross contamination

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8
Q

Process of decontaminating equipment

A
  1. Cleaning
  2. Disinfection
  3. Sterilizing
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9
Q

What’s effective for destroying microorganisms/ spores

A

Autoclave: (steam sterilization)

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10
Q

What are the 6 properties in gas

A
  • kinetic energy
  • gas pressure
  • density
  • diffusion
  • partial pressure
  • Henry’s law ( gas dissolved in liquids)
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11
Q

How does cohesive relate to surface tension

A

Cohesive forced between liquid molecules are responsible for causing surface tension

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12
Q

What is convection and an example of it

A

Heat transfers via direct contact with liquids and gases.
Example: incubator

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13
Q

What’s the primary function of respiratory system

A

Absorption of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide

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14
Q

2 primary and 4 accessory muscles of respiration

A

Primary: Diaphragm and intercostals
Accessory: Scalene, sternocleidomastoids, pectoralis and abdominal wall

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15
Q

What nerve innervates the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

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16
Q

What’s the difference between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation

A

Pulmonary is low pressure low resistance
Systemic is high pressure high resistance

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17
Q

What’s gas diffusion

A

Process of molecules moving from a higher area of concentration to a lower area of concentration

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18
Q

MAP ( Mean aortic pressure) calculations

A

MAP= [(diastolic x2) + systolic]/ 3

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19
Q

CaO2

A

CaO2= ( hb x 1.34 x SaO2) + (PaO2 x 0.003)

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20
Q

Minute ventilation calculation

A

Ve= vt x RR

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21
Q

Alveolar minute ventilation calculation

A

Va=(vt-vd dead space) x RR
Dead space = 1 ml/ lb of IBW

22
Q

Polycythemia

A

An excess of hemoglobin characteristics of the COPD patients in response to chronic hypoxemia they have

23
Q

The 4 critical life functions

A
  1. Ventilation: open airways and breathe
  2. Oxygenation: increase fio2
  3. Circulation: chest compression, difibs drugs
  4. Perfusion: increase blood pressure
24
Q

What does coarse crackles indicate

A

Large airway secretions

25
Q

Normal PaO2

A

80-100

26
Q

What are the values of hypoxemia (mild, moderate and severe)

A

Mild: 60-79
Moderate: 40-59
Severe: <40

27
Q

Normal heart rate and what causes it

A

60-100 bpm
Pulmonary diseases cause decrease in paO2 and increase O2 consumption so the body tries to compensate by increasing HR to increase cardiac output

28
Q

RR values

A

Normal: 12-20
Apnea: no respirations
Tachypnea: >20
Bradypnea: <12

29
Q

Blood pressure

A

120/80
Range: 140/90 to 90/60

30
Q

Increased vs decreased resonance

A

Increased resonance: any disease that is characteristic of excess air

Decrease resonance: any disease that is characteristic of excess fluid and/ or lack of air

31
Q

What is stridor

A

Upper airway obstruction

32
Q

Where is the common site for ABG

A

Radial artery

33
Q

What view for chest roentgenograph can be taken in bed

A

Anteroposterior supine and lateral decubitus

34
Q

What cxr ( chest xray) view is best for pleural effusion

A

Lateral decubitus

35
Q

How a ptx( pneumothorax) present on cxr

A

Pleura line pulled away from chest wall

36
Q

How does atelectasis look with a tracheal deviation on cxr

A

Tracheal shift, elevation of hemidiaphragm and shift of hilum towards affected site= volume loss

37
Q

What is compliance and what’s the difference between fibrotic and emphysemic lung

A

Compliance: Measure of the lungs ability to stretch and expand

Emphysemic lung: increases compliance
Fibrotic lung: decreases compliance

38
Q

What is airway resistance and where is it usually found

A

When gas is trying to flow into the airways but it is being impeded

Found in nose, mouth and large airways

39
Q

PAO2-PaO2 Aka A-a gradient normal value

A

5-10 mmHg

40
Q

Increased vs decreased affinity

A

Increased affinity: oxygen strongly binds to hemoglobin and is less available to tissue

Decreased affinity: hemoglobin tries to detach from oxygen, allowing hb to easily off-load oxygen to peripheral tissues

41
Q

What effect does positive pressure have on cardiac output and blood pressure

A

decreases amount of blood pumped and decreases venous return to the heart

42
Q

Carbon dioxide affinity

A

200 times faster than oxygen

43
Q

What indirectly controls breathing

A

PaCO2

44
Q

What stimulates central chemoreceptors

A

Co2 and hydrogen ions

45
Q

Where is peripheral chemoreceptors located

A

Aortic arch and distractions of common carotid arteries

46
Q

Which node has the greatest automaticity

A

SA node

47
Q

What wave is seen as atrial depolarization vs ventricular depolarization

A

Atrial depolarization: P wave
Ventricular depolarization: QRS wave

48
Q

What does elevated ST segment indicates

A

Ischemia

49
Q

What are some life threatening rhythms

A

Ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia

50
Q

What to do if patient has no pulse but has rhythm

A

Continue CPR

Intro To Resp Care (13 decks)

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