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Intro To Resp Care > Ch. 6 Physical Principles Of Resp Care > Flashcards

Ch. 6 Physical Principles Of Resp Care Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 physical principles on resp care

A
  1. State of Matter
  2. Changes in state
  3. Gas behavior
  4. Fluid dynamics
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2
Q

What are the 3 primary states of matter

A

Solids- fixed volume and shape. Strong mutual attractive forces between atoms. ( can’t compress)

Liquids- shape and flow. Exert buoyant force and pressure. ( can’t compress easily)

Gases- weak and move freely. Flow, exert pressure (can be compressed)

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3
Q

What is Charles law and its formula

A

Directly proportional relationship between temperature and volume. V1/T1=V2T2

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4
Q

All matter produces energy that is ____

A

Potential - makes up most of internal energy in solids and liquids

Or

Kinetic- makes up most of gases internal energy

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5
Q

What is the law of thermodynamics

A

Energy can be changed but not destroyed

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6
Q

Conduction is heat transfer via direct contact with ___

A

Solids

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7
Q

Convection is heat transfer via direct contact with ___

A

Liquids and gases

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8
Q

Radiation is heat transfer via _____ contact with all matter

A

Indirect

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9
Q

____ is a change of state from liquid to gas, and ____ is the opposite of this

A

Evaporation and condensation

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10
Q

Vaporization

A

Liquid to gas requiring heat energy

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11
Q

Temperature

A

Gas temp is directly proportional to its kinetic energy.
Molecule collide
With heat, increases kinetic energy (popcorn)

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12
Q

Temperature scales

A

C—>F: F=32+(C*1.8)
F—>C: C=(F-32)/1.8

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13
Q

What are the 6 properties of gas

A
  • kinetic energy
  • gas pressure
  • density
  • diffusion
  • partial pressure
  • Henry’s law ( gas dissolved in liquids)
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14
Q

What are the 8 properties in liquids

A
  • pressure
  • buoyancy
  • viscosity
  • cohesion & Adhesion
  • surface tension
  • capillary action
  • flow & shape
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15
Q

What is viscosity

A

Force opposing a fluids flow (thickens blood)

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16
Q

What is the difference between cohesion and adhesion

A

Adhesion has a concave pattern. Forces are attractive between 2 different kinds of molecules. Ex water sticks to other substances

Cohesion has a convex pattern. Forces are attractive between 2 similar molecules.
Ex water stick to water

17
Q

What is surface tension

A

A force that allows molecules to resist being pulled or broken away

18
Q

Cohesive forces between liquid molecules are responsible for the phenomenon of ___

A

Surface tension

19
Q

What force is responsible for the spherical shape of liquid droplets and their ability to keep this shape

A

Surface tension

20
Q

Why is the law of LaPlace and surface tension so important to respiratory care?

A

Diseases may collapse the alveoli( lead to atelectasis) because of high surface tension

21
Q

What is capillary action

A

A phenomenon in which a liquid in a small tube moves upward against gravity. It has both adhesive and surface tension

22
Q

What is gay lussacs law and its formula

A

Directly proportional relationship between pressure and temperature

P1/T1=P2/T2

23
Q

Absolute humidity

A

Aka water vapor content, is the actual mass or content of water in a measured volume of air
Water vapor content of 43.8 mg/L*
Water vapor pressure of 47 mmHg*

24
Q

Relative humidity

A

Ratio of actual water vapor present in gas compared with capacity of gas that holds vapor at given temp

25
Q

Density

A

Some gas are less dense than others like helium

26
Q

Gas pressure

A

All gases exert pressure. This helps explain why atmospheric pressure decrease with altitude

27
Q

What is barometer

A

Decide that measures atmospheric pressure

28
Q

What is Venturi (aem) mask

A

Has a small orifice jet and large entertainment ports

29
Q

What is Bernoulli principle

A

An increase in velocity of fluid results in a decrease in in sum of its static pressure and total energy.
The fluid that flows through this narrowed stricture or constriction will 1. Increase its velocity while 2. Lateral wall pressures decrease

30
Q

Poiseuilles law

A

The pressure needed to drive a fluid through a tube will increase if 1. The viscosity of fluid is increased 2. The length of tube increased 3. Flow is increased 4. Radius of tube decreases

31
Q

Difference between laminar and turbulent flow

A

Laminar- fluid moving in straight and parallel streamlines

Turbulent flow - loss of regular streamlines; fluid molecules form irregular patterns

32
Q

What is critical temperature

A

Temp above kinetic activity of its molecule is so great that the attractive forces cannot keep them in a liquid state

Intro To Resp Care (8 decks)

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