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NURS 212 > MIDTERM > Flashcards

MIDTERM Flashcards

1
Q

What pecentager of older adults live at home

A

92%

5% in homes

3% in assisted living

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2
Q

Most centurions will be

A

Female

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3
Q

CAM

A

Confusion assessment method

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4
Q

3 Ds for older adults

A

Dementia delirium and depression

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5
Q

BPSD

A

Behavioural Psychosocial/psychological symptoms of dementia

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6
Q

Distinguishing factors of delirium

A

Acute
Sudden
Temporary
Preventable
Treatable

Caused by underlying physiology

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7
Q

Distinguishing features of dementia

A

Slow
irreivereable
Decline
terminal (not cureable)

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8
Q

Predisposing factors for delirium

A

Dementia
Polypharmacy
Depression
Advanced age
Funcitonal dependency

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9
Q

Precipitating factors for delirium

A

Restrains
Surgery
Infection
Illness

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10
Q

Clinical features of BPSD

A

Agitation
Psychiatric Symptoms
Personality symptoms
Personality changes
Mood disturbances
Aberrent motor movement
Changes in sleep
Hypersexual behaviour

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11
Q

AD

A

Fasted progression
Plaque in brain

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12
Q

Vascular

A

Related to blood vessels

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13
Q

Lewey body

A

Parkinson symptoms (abnormal proteins)

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14
Q

Frontotemporal

A
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15
Q

CAM assessment

A

Must have

  1. Acute onset/fluctuating course

AND

  1. Inattention

AND

  1. Disorganized thinking
    OR
  2. Change in LOC
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16
Q

Sundowning

A

When symptoms appear at night, they have trouble sleeping

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17
Q

Best treatment fot delirium

A

Non-pharmocological

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18
Q

How to treat delirium

A

Treat precipitating cause

THen address aggrevating factors

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19
Q

Is there standardized care for dementia

A

No. ALways individiualized

(manifests differently in each person)

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20
Q

Pharm approach to dementia

A

Cholinesterase inhibitors

21
Q

Non-Pharm approaches to dementia

A

Focus on safety and QOL

22
Q

Anticholinergics

A

Meds to NOT be used for older adults with dementia

OTC cold and flu meds, ophthalmic meds

Can be causative factor for delirium, confusion etc.

Counteract the affects of cholinersterase inhibitors

23
Q

Slow drug clearance due to age related changes

A

Increased body fat
Decreased lean muscle
Decreased body water
Reduced hepatic blood flow
Decreased serum albumin

24
Q

Factors which compromise client safety

A

Communication gaps
Incomplete trafer of information
Inadequate pt eduction
Poor coordination of services
Ineffective med reconciliation
pt health literacy
cultural differences
Low staffing
Lack of access to essential lcare services
Pt characteristics

25
Q

Categories of antidepressents

A

MAO inhibitors (rarely used, associated with agitation and psychosis)
Tricyclic anti-depressents: TCA
SNRIs (first line of treatment, block seratonin reuptake, fewer sideaffects)
- Sideaffect is reduced blood sodium

26
Q

The stages of change model

A

Pre-contemplation (Pateint resistent to change)
Contemplation (intention to change)
Preperation: Patient ready to make goals
Begining steps of behaviour stage
Action (Less than six months implementation of healthy behaviours)
Maintance (More than. 6 months, continuing healthy behaviours)

27
Q

Adult day center

A

Provide rec activitie sfor adults with cognitive deficits

28
Q

Respite care

A

Goal to relieve caregivers from stress of caring for dependent adults

29
Q

What ocntirubutes to complexities for assessing older adults

A

Commonly one or more interacting conditions
Illness manifestations tend to be more obscure and less predictable
Cognitive impairment makes description difficult
Treatments often aimed towards relief of symptoms

30
Q

Risk factors

A

Increases changes of pathology

31
Q

Functional consequences

A

Observable effects of aging

positive and negative

32
Q

Pharmacokintetics

A

What the body does to the drug (how it is absorbed, metabolized excreted)

33
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A
34
Q

Serum half life

A
35
Q

Homeopathy

A

Technique that stimulates the bodies self healing techniques

36
Q

NSAIDs

A

Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

asprin

37
Q

BEERS

A

Medications deemed inappropriate for the older population because of sideaffects and poor safety profile

38
Q

Functional consequences

A

Good or bad observable changes as a result of actions - affect QOL or ADLs

39
Q

Wellness outcomes are associated with

A

Ways to support HIGHEST QOL NOT cures

40
Q

what is elimination half-time?

A

aka serum half life, which is the time required for the drug’s concentration in the blood to decrease by one half of its original value

41
Q

Clearance rate

A

measures the volume of blood from which the drug is eliminated per unit of time

42
Q

what are schemas?

A

assumptions/unarticulated rules that influence our thoughts feelings and behaviours

43
Q

How is dementia related to de[rressoin

A

40-50% of people with dementia experience depression at some point in their illness

44
Q

Assisted living arrangements are how common?

A

Increasingly more

45
Q

Best predictor on a person’s ability to successfully engage

A

Whether or not they actively engage with life

46
Q

Who is responsible for care management of seniros?

A

Designated family member, health care provider etc.

47
Q

Can delirium be caused by loneliness

A

NO

48
Q

What is a trademark affeect o depression on sleep

A

Insomnia or early morning awaking

NURS 212 (15 decks)

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