CH 18 Flashcards
Gustatory function
Ability to taste
xerostomia
Dry mouth
Primary funciton of fats
to assist in temperature
regulation, provide a reserve source of energy and facilitate
the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Fats are also useful
in providing a feeling of satiety and improving the taste of
foods.
Lonliness can affect digestive system in older adults how?
Risk factor for malnutrition
Common type of malnutrition in older adults
protein-energy malnutrition (also called proteincalorie
malnutrition), which occurs when the intake of calories
and protein is less than the amount required to meet
daily needs.
Characteristics of mild or moderate protein-energy malnutrition
include weakness, lethargy, unintentional weight
loss, diminished muscle mass, decrease in subcutaneous fat
and impaired ability to respond to physiologic stresses (e.g.,
surgery, infection)
Age rleated changes in digestion
Less efficient/ effective chewing
Reduced senses of taste and smell
Reduced saliva production usually r/t medication use
Slower swallowing
Slower gastric and intestinal motility
Degenerative changes affecting digestion
Daily intake: need fewer but higher-quality calories
Peristalsic activity in age
Reduced blood flow to organ is related to reduction which causes slower digestive travel
Degenerative changes affecting digestion
decreased responsiveness of
pancreatic beta cells to glucose - CAN result in diabetes type 2
Gastrointestinal Reflux disease
Sphincter at top
Sphincter at bottom not working well, allowing food to leak up the esophus
Age-related changes affecting digestion/eating patterns
Diminished smell and taste
Oral cavity changes
Slower propulsion of food AND reduced gastric emptying (causing bloating, nausea, uncomfort)
The intestinal tract has reduced blood flow and slower peristalsis
Liver, pancreas and gallbladder less responsive
Age related change in nutritional requirements
Need less calories but better quality
Muscle mass declines
Unhealthy abdominal fat increases risk for heart disease and diabetes
Proportion of fat to lean tissue increase
Decreased thirst perception
Risk factors affecting digestion and nutrition
Conditions related to oral care
Functional impairments
And disease processes
Medication effects
Lifestyle factors (alcohol and smoking)
Categories of risk factors affecting digestion and nutrition
Psych factors
Environmental factors
Cultural and socioeconomical factors
Behaviours based on myths and misunderstanding
Roughage
Naturally occuring Fiber
Creates solid form poop
Behaviours based on myths and misunderstanding
Lack of roughage in
diet,
advertisements
and overuse of
laxatives
Overuse of laxatives can result in
Lack of nutrients, water, and autonomic control
Eating alone has been
associated with a 30% decline
in caloric intake when
compared with caloric intake
of people who eat in the
company of others. T or F
True
Functional consequences affecting digestion and nutrition
Ability to procure, prepare and enjoy food
Changes in oral function
Poor nutritional status and weight changes
Quality of life
Mobility
Adverse medication effects (analgesics)
Constipation
Decrease in normal frequency of defecation causing rectal stretching, nutritional and hydration problems
Cures
Stool softeners
laxatives
Enema (Liquid that is put in the rectum, taking action as long as they can hold
Suppositories
Manual disimpaction
Much more common in institutional communities
dysphasia
A frequent consequence of a CVA/stroke, which is a permanent brain injury
secondary to disrupted blood flow to a particular part of the brain.
* Aspiration is a complication of dysphagia
Possible prevention by altering consistency of food
C diff
Bacterium causing diarrhea
A frequent consequence of a CVA/stroke, which is a permanent brain injury
secondary to disrupted blood flow to a particular part of the brain.
* Aspiration is a complication of dysphagia
In which population is malnutrition most common
LTC facilities
Reduced absorption in the small intestine affects the absorption of what nutrients
folate, calcium and vitamins By and D.
