Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANSC 2210 > Midterm > Flashcards

Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 elements that welfare debates include

A
  1. science
  2. ethics
  3. law/codes of practice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

science in welfare

A

the effects of humans on the animal from the animal’s perspecitve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ethics in welfare

A

the human actions towards the animal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

law in welfare

A

result of science and ethics dictating how humans must treat animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 broad housing systems for laying hens

A

cage (conventional or enriched)
non-cage systems (single or multi-tiered)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are furnished/enriched cages

A

wire enclosure with extra space and elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is a small group size in furnished/enriched cages

A

0-12 birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is a medium group in furnished/enriched cages

A

15-30 birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a large group in furnished/enriched cages

A

approx 60 birds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 perspectives of animal welfare

A

physical (basic health and functioning)
mental (affective states)
natural living (naturalness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does freedom to perform natural behaviour also include

A

emergency behaviour
damaging behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

emergency behaviours

A

flight reactions bring the animal into a state of stress without achieving the goal for which the behaviour had evolved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

damaging behaviour

A

such as rank related or illness related aggression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

physical perspective

A

ensure good physical health, condition and function of animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mental perspective

A

minimize unpleasant affective states and allow animals normal pleasures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

natural perspective

A

allow animals to develop and live in ways and environments that allow species-specific behaviour and behaviour that they are motivated to perform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are the 5 freedoms

A

freedom from:
1. hunger and thirst
2. discomfort
3. pain, injury and disease
4. to express normal behaviour
5. fear and distress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

can the 5 freedoms conflict

A

yes
i.e freedom from disease and fear from handling during treatment
i.e freedom to express normal behaviour conflicts with distress from normal social interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

provisions of the 5 freedoms

A
  1. good nutrition
  2. good environment
  3. good health
  4. appropriate behaviour
  5. positive mental experiences
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

in terms of quality of life what does the welfare continuum acknowledge

A

animal care should be directed at more than survival
animals can and do have positive experiences
an overall positive experience is possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

when does sensory pleasure arise

A

whenever a stimulus corrects an internal trouble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does sensory pleasure include

A

experiences such as satiation of hunger, thirst, and the remedying of unpleasant state

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how are emotions different than moods

A

emotions have an object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

relationship between welfare and death

A

death should be instantaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

is death a welfare concern

A

subjective: the state of death is not a welfare concern but high rates of death in a group of animals indicates a welfare concern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what can high death rates mean

A

poor management/disease or another factor that leads to many animals being diseased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

3 aspects of homology

A

structural
developmental
behavioural

28
Q

when is extrapolating between species legitimate

A

evidence of biological homology between organisms
it is about variables that can be measured

29
Q

what is anthropomorphism

A

imposing human attributes on animals (characteristics/feelings)

30
Q

when is anthropomorphism bad

A

when it does not recognize species differences
it is about unmeasurable things like feelings

31
Q

is it every ok in science to rely on anthropomorphism alone

A

no

32
Q

what is human psychology founded on

A

folk psychology

33
Q

primary function of common sense psychology

A

prediction of behaviour

34
Q

what is folk psychology

A

the expertise humans have when they spend time interacting with another species

35
Q

consciousness

A

how things feel

36
Q

the 2 ordinary senses of consciousness

A
  1. when a creature is awake
  2. basic ability of organisms to perceive and thereby respond to selected features of their environment
37
Q

access consciousness

A

captures the sense in which mental representations may be poised for use in rational control of action or speech

38
Q

what senses of consciousness cause controversy when applied to animals

A

self consciousness
phenomenal consciousness

39
Q

phenomenal consciousness

A

qualitative, subjective, experiential or phenomenological aspects of conscious experience
- “what it is like” to do or be something

40
Q

sentience

A

phenomenal consciousness

41
Q

3 psychological domains of sentience

A

self awareness
metacognition
theory of mind

42
Q

self awareness in sentience

A

personal identity
simplest form is physical - self recognition

43
Q

metacognition in sentience

A

ability to reflect on own thoughts and feelings or chance of success

44
Q

subclasses within metacognition

A

uncertain responses
metamemory

45
Q

where was uncertain response first observed

A

in lab rats in the 1920s

46
Q

uncertain response examples

A

dolphins:
- trained to discriminate sounds
- trained to reset the test
- ambiguous sounds - test results

47
Q

what is metamemory

A

knowing what they don’t know

48
Q

example of metamemory

A

rhesus monkeys - presented with image, delay, decisions to take or skip test
more successful when choosing to take the test vs made to

49
Q

theory of mind in sentience

A

perspective taking, modelling of others’ mental state - empathy

50
Q

subclasses within theory of mind

A

taking the physical perspectives of others (gaze following)
cognitive perspectives (empathy)

51
Q

other criteria of sentience

A

complex learning ability
social intelligence
tool-use
measuring feelings - pain

52
Q

cephalopod brain

A

vertical lobe complex
not hemispheric

53
Q

perception based cognition

A

quantity discrimination (cuttlefish)
object permanence (cuttlefish)
categorization (octopus)

54
Q

leaning within cephalopod intelligence

A

associative learning
discrimination learning
reversal learning
spatial learning ability
social learning?

55
Q

where are cephalopods recognized as sentient

A

UK

56
Q

how many tonnes of octopus are harvested annually from the wild

A

20,000 tonnes (NW Africa)

57
Q

what has happened to the global demand of octopus from 1980 to 2019

A

demand has doubled

58
Q

what are fish farmed for

A

food

59
Q

what go towards fish sentience

A

fish show pavlovian and operant conditioning
social learning and cultural traditions
self recognition
social intelligence
building and tool use

60
Q

insects as food

A

1.2 trillion
human, livestock and pet food

61
Q

what species of insects are used as food

A

bees
cricket
black soldier flies

62
Q

what do insects do when injured

A

continue normal behaviour: feeding and sexual behaviour

63
Q

do insects experience pain relief

A

no

64
Q

how do bees experience judgement bias

A

being shaken = negative
given sugar = positive

65
Q
A
65
Q
A

ANSC 2210 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions