Exam - Welfare Issues and Solutions 1 Flashcards
welfare issues in the physical environment
housing system
feeding system
what are welfare issues in the social environment
other animals
humans
how can physical environment affect welfare
preventing performance of certain behaviours
being barren/unstimulating
increasing the likelihood of disease
damaging or injuring animals
causing discomfort
frightening animals
how may social environment affect welfare
parent-offspring bond is disrupted
unusual group size
high stocking density
unusual grouping
disrupted group membership
isolated animals
issues within physical environment
stalls/crates/cages
lying, standing, walking surfaces
temp, air quality
feeding systems
advantages of gestation stalls
efficient in space
reduce aggression
allow individual feeding
facilitate veterinary care
hygienic
safe for humans
disadvantages of gestation stalls
lack of space to move, turn, and perform natural behaviours
lack of exercise
lack of social contacts
stress
boredom
frustration
where are gestation stalls banned
european union
several US states
what does regular exercise in sows provide
bone strength
reduced farrowing duration
why is regular exercise in sows not feasible in Canada
herd size (325 sows)
alternative systems to gestation crates
floor feeding
electronic sow feeder
free access stalls
hoop systems
outdoor housing
advantages of farrowing crates
efficient in space
reduce piglet crushing
facilitate veterinary care
hygienic
safe for humans
protect piglets against aggression from sows
disadvantages of farrowing crates
postural changes may be difficult
may restrict access to teat
sow cannot turn around
increased cortisol
limited mother-young interactions
limited nest building
alternative systems to farrowing crates
farrowing pens
farrowing crates that can be opened
group farrowing systems (indoor or outdoor)
advantages of cages for hens
economic
hygienic
facilitate management
facilitate egg collection
help control feather pecking
disadvantages of cages for hens
behavioural restriction
frustration
example of behavioural restriction due to cages for hens
foraging behaviour
locomotion
perching
comfort behaviour (dust bathing)
what can hens not do in cages
isolate themselves
choose a laying site
perform nest-building behaviour
sit quietly
what must all housing systems for hens support
nesting
perching
foraging
what must all hens be housed in by July 1, 2036
enriched cage or non cage housing systems
what are some alternative housing systems for hens
furnished or enriched cages
aviaries
outdoor production
