Exam - State of Animal Welfare in Canada Flashcards
example of federal legislation
criminal code of Canada (since 1892, last amended on July 1 2020)
section 445 of the criminal code: everyone commits and offence who, wilfully and without lawful excuse:
- kills, maims, wounds, poisons or injures dogs, birds or animals that are kept for a lawful purpose; or
- places poison in such a position that it can be easily consumed
what section of the criminal code deals with injuring or endangering other animals
445
section 445.01of the criminal code
same as 445 but for enforcement, military and service animals
what section of the criminal code deals with killing or injuring certain animals
445.01
section 445.1 of the criminal code
fighting/baiting of animals or birds
poisoning
liberating captive birds for shooting
what section of the criminal code deals with causing unnecessary suffering
445.1
section 446 of the criminal code - everyone commits an offence who…
by willful neglect causes damage or injury to bird or animal while being driven or conveyed
abandons in distress or fails to provide suitable and adequate food, water, shelter and care
what section of the criminal code deal with causing damage or injury
446
section 447 of the criminal code
building, maintaining an arena for fighting
what section of the criminal code deals with arenas for animal fighting
447
what must one prove under the criminal code
one must prove beyond reasonable doubt that the person being charged wilfully caused the neglect or suffering of their animals
health of animals act (1990)
enabling act = authorizes the making of regulations
what is the health of animals act aimed at
protecting Canadian livestock from contagious diseases
what does the health of animals regulations deal with
- disease control, quarantine, animal disposal
- import/export of animals/animal products
- transport and feeding during transport of live animals
what organization is responsible for the welfare of animals during transport
Canadian food inspection agency
what deals with the humane handling and slaughter of food animals
meat inspection act (1985)
meat inspection regulations (1990)
what replaced the OSPCA act
PAWS
how does PAWS work
chief animal welfare inspector is appointed and they appoint animal welfare inspectors
who appoints the chief animal welfare inspector in PAWS
ministry of the sollicitor general
why does PAWS better protect animals
- toughest penalties in canada
- first provincial government-based animal welfare enforcement system
more inspectors
specializations within PAWS
livestock
agriculture
horses
zoos
aquariums
what did provinces that ranked high in animal protection laws have
high max penalties
standards of care
definitive authority for search and seizure
what did provinces that ranked low in animals protection laws have
narrow range of animal protection
lacking definitions of basic care
insufficient penalties
what does the PAWS act consist of
-basic standards of care for all animals
- standards of care for dogs that live outdoors
- standards of care for captive wildlife
- standards for enclosures for captive wildlife
- standards of care for captive primates
what must legislation be
effective, enforceable, economically feasible
what might long transition periods facilitate
implementation
qualities of legislative private initiatives
more flexible
associated with a label and higher price
components of national farm animal care council
- leads the code of practice development processes
- animal care assessment model
stakeholders for code of practice development
scientists’ committee & code development committee
how many current development processes are there
14
upcoming codes of practice
beed
sheep
equines
pigs
poultry
what is the animal care assessment model
process to follow when developing an animal care assessment program
how did dairy farmers of Canada occur
a program development team started working on the on-farm animal care assessment program based on the code of practice requirements
when was dairy farmers of Canada created
2012
how did the dairy farmers of Canada develop
program was gradually implemented at farm level
how long did it take for the dairy farmers of Canada to develop
2 year benchmarking period (2013-2014)
what are the 6 modules in the dairy farmers of Canada
milk quality
food safety
animal care
traceability
biosecurity
environment
other examples of animal care assessment programs
canada mink breeders association
canadian hatchery federation
chicken farmers of canada
egg farmers of canada
national cattle feeders’ association
turkey farmers of canada
standards of quality assurance programs and welfare outcomes
retailer standards
producer standard
government standards
civil society standards
example of retailer standards
fast food chains
example of producer standard
producer groups
example of government standards
organic standards
example of civil society standards
non profit organizations
what is McDonalds minimum space per laying hen
465 cm^2
what is banned with McDonalds
forced molting, beak trimming is not encouraged
what is the minimum space per laying hen for Burger King
484 cm^2
what must hens be able to do for Burger King
stretch in their cage
example of producer standards (producer organizations)
- united egg producers and national chicken council (USA)
- milk and dairy beef quality assurance
- national pork board (USA)
- egg farmers of Canada and chicken farmers of Canada and turkey farmers of Canada
- canadian pork council
- dairy farmers of Canada
what was announced by large companies in 2007
gradual ban of gestation stalls
what was announced by Manitoba Pork in 2011
a ban of gestation stalls by 2025
what was announced by Egg Farmers of Canada in 2016
they would ban conventional cages by 2036
what must programs be approved by to meet civil society standards
USA:
- American Humane certified, animal welfare approved, certified humane
Canada:
SPCA Certified (BC SPCA)
Whole Food Markets
global animal partnership program
what is the highest welfare standards possible
whole food markets
what type of program is a global animal partnership
5 step program
goal is to promote continuous improvement
European Union standards for hens caging system
550 cm^2
canadian code of practice standards for hens caging system
432-484 cm^2
united egg procure standards for hens caging systems
432-555 cm^2
for non-cage systems, what is the SPCA certified square footage
1486cm^2
for non-cage systems, what is the Canadian organic standards square footage
1667 cm^2
