Midterm Flashcards by Evelin Marquez

There are numerous levels of organization in the body. The correct order from simplest to most complex is:

a.
Molecule, organ, tissue, cell, organism, system, organelles

b.
Molecule, organelles, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism

c.
Molecule, system, cell, organelles, organism, tissue

d.
Molecule, cell, system, tissue, organelles, organism

Molecule, organelles, cell, tissue, organ, system, organism

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The sagittal plane divides the body into:

a.
Right and left

b.
Superior and inferior

c.
Anterior and Posterior

d.
Dorsal and ventral

right and left

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Match the following directional terms with their definitions:

Superior:
Proximal:
Lateral:
Anterior:
Inferior:

above, higher than
close to
away from midline
toward the front
below, lower than

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Which of the following procedures would count as the Secondary Disease Prevention?

a.
Balanced diet and exercises

b.
Stop smoking

c.
Receive vaccinations

d.
Visit to the primary doctor for an annual checkup

visit to the primary doctor for an annual check up

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Building and maintaining effective relationships with family and friends is part of:

a.
Physical Health Dimension

b.
Social Health Dimension

c.
Environmental Health Dimension

d.
Mental Health Dimension

e.
Spiritual Health Dimension

social health dimension

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The study of disease is:

a.
physiology

b.
anatomy

c.
pathology

d.
Metabolism

e.
Homeostasis

pathology

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What is the lowest form of energy?

a.
Light

b.
Electrical

c.
Chemical

d.
Mechanical

e.
Heat

heat

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A negative charge element or mineral is called?

a.
Anion

b.
Cation

c.
Neutral

d.
Need more information

anion

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The body system that includes skin is called:

a.
Sensory

b.
Muscular

c.
Integumentary

d.
Skeletal

e.
Endocrine

integumentary

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Which one of the following is Correct about Homeostasis?

a.
Homeostasis is a sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions

b.
Homeostasis is maintained by hormones only

c.
Homeostasis means balance of all functions in the organism (Keeping the internal balance of the body)

d.
Homeostasis is maintained by Nervous System only

Homeostasis means balance of all functions in the organism (keeping the internal balance of the body)

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Which of the following is an organic compound?

a.
H2O

b.
CO2

c.
N2

d.
O2

e.
CH3OH

CH3OH

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Match the following monomers with their polymers:

Starch
Protein
Lipid

Glucose
Amino Acid
Fatty Acids

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Match these organs with the Quadrants of the Abdomen, where they belong:

Liver
Spleen
Appendix
Sigmoid colon

LUQ
RUQ
RLQ
LLQ

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Which one of the following is NOT correct about chemical bonds?

a.
Ionic bond is when one atom donates electrons and the other accepts them

b.
Covalent bond is stronger than ionic bond

c.
Covalent bond is when atoms share electrons

d.
Hydrogen bond is a type of covalent bond

Hydrogen bond is a type of covalent bond

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When two oxygen atoms form a bond with each other, they form:

a.
a molecule

b.
a compound

c.
a mixture

d.
an ion

a molecule

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a.
C, H, O, N, S, P

b.
C, Na, H, S, O, P

c.
C, H, O, K, N, S

d.
C, O, H, S, N, B

C, H, O, N, S, P

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Which of the following does NOT belong in the abdominal cavity?

a.
kidneys

b.
gall bladder

c.
pancreas

d.
mediastinum

e.
spleen

Mediastinum

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The Brain is contained inside?

a.
Spinal cavity

b.
Ventral cavity

c.
Dorsal cavity

dorsal cavity

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Match the following Regions of the Abdomen with their locations:

(center of abdomen, lateral to hypogastric, lateral to umbilical, lateral to epigastric, above umbilical )

Umbilical
hypochondriac
Epigastric
Lumbar
Iliac

center of the abdomen

lateral of epigastric

above the umbilical

lateral to umbilical

lateral to hypogastric

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Match the following tissues with the Connective Tissue type

Soft, Hard, Liquid, Fibrous

Blood
Adipose Tissue
Tendons
Cartilage

liquid CT
Soft CT
Fibrous CT
Hard CT

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Match the following levels of protein structure with their description:
(primary,secondary, tertiary, quaternary)

Amino Acid Sequence

Alpha helix and Beta Sheet

3-Dimensional globulin

Active functional protein

primary

secondary

tertiary

quaternary

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The covalent bond that holds amino acids together in a protein is called:

a.
hydrogen bond

b.
peptide bond

c.
Acid bond

peptide bond

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The function of a protein depends on:

a.
its linear sequence of aminoacids - Primary protein

b.
Its fold of the Secondary protein

c.
its amino acid sequence

d.
its shape and its Quaternary structure

its shape and its quaternary structure

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The following is an example of a non-digestible polysaccharide:

a.
Amylose

b.
Cellulose

c.
Lactose

d.
Galactose

e.
Fructose

cellulose

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Which of the following is NOT Epithelial Tissue ? a. Pleura b. Salivary glands c. Ligaments, Tendons d. Mammary Gland

ligaments, tendons

The cells of nervous tissue that protect and support Neurons are called: a. Glial cells b. Stratified squamous c. Simple columnar d. Goblet cells e. Exocrine

glial cells

The Alpha helixes and Beta pleated sheets describes: a. Primary Protein b. Secondary Protein c. Tertiary Protein d.Quaternary Protein

secondary protein

Match the following types of muscle tissue with their characteristics: (smooth, cardiac,skeletal) Consciously controlled, striped, multiple nuclei Contains intercalated disks, branched cells involunatry muscle, non-striated, single nucleus, found in internal organs

skeletal cardiac smooth

glycogen is a.Polysaccharide b.Disaccharide c.Monosaccharides d.Fat

polysaccharide

If ATP works like a rechargeable battery, then when the battery is discharged, it becomes: a. ADP b. AMP c. Phosphate groups d. Adenosine

ADP

When ATP is used for energy to fuel body functions, it gets recharged, using the energy of: a. Oxygen b. Sun c. Food d. Movement

Food

Infectious disease acquired at clinical institutions are called: a. Epidemic b. Iatrogenic c. Nosocomial d. Idiopathic

nosocomial

What is the structure of DNA often described as? a. Double stranded helix b. Single stranded helix c. Triple stranded helix d. Quadruple stranded helix

double stranded helix

The process of converting the mRNA sequence to a polypeptide is called a. activation b. transcription c. translation d. copying

translation

The entire DNA library is divided into sections, contained inside the cell’s nucleus. These sections are called: a. RNA b. Chromosomes c. Double helixes

chromosomes

Which of the following is NOT true about ATP? a. it’s made of DNA b. ATP is an abbreviation for Adenosine Triphosphate. c. it contains an Adenine molecule d. the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate groups is a high-energy bond

its made of DNA

The bases of RNA include these, except: a. Adenine b. Guanine c. Cytosine d. Thymine

Thymine

Which of the following is NOT true about a messenger RNA? a. it's a copy of genetic material b. RNA contains thymine c.it leaves the nucleus d. it gets translated into a primary protein structure

RNA contains thymine

Patient was prescribed a medication, which caused him to experience nausea. His nausea is considered a. Idiopathic b. Iatrogenic c. Psychosomatic d. Nosocomial e. Morbid

iatrogenic

The reaction of converting liquid oils into solid fats by forcing Hydrogen atoms onto a C=C double bond, resulting in production of trans fats, is called : a.Oxidation b.Oxygenation c.Hydration d. Dehydration e. Hydrogenation

hydrogenation

Which of the following contains saturated fats? a. Olive oil b. Sesame seeds c. Peanuts d. coconuts

coconuts

Which of the following foods is NOT a good source of anti-oxidants? a.Oranges b. tomatoes c. iceberg lettuce d. Blackberries e. Carrots

Iceberg lettuce

Which of the following is a source of Trans fats? a. Beef b. Coconuts c. Seafood d. Peanut butter e. Margarine

margarine

Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes work as : a.Hormones b.Vitamins c.Local messengers d.structural molecules

Local messengers

Match the following Major Blood Vessels with the direction of blood flow in and out of the heart: (vena cavae, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein) Carries deoxygenated blood from all organ systems into the Right Atrium Carries oxygenated blood from the Left Ventricle to all the organ systems Carries deoxygenated blood away from the Right Ventricle Carries re-oxygenated blood to the Left Atrium

vena cavae aorta pulmonary artery pulmonary vein

Match the following Anatomical Structures of the Heart with their descriptions: (pericardium, aortic, pulmonary valve, mitral) Membrane that surrounds the heart Valve that serves as the exit from the Right Ventricle Heart Valve that separates Left Atrium from Left Ventricle Valve that serves as the exit from the Left Ventricle

pericardium pulmonary valve mitral aortic

Which of the following is NOT a function of Cholesterol in the body? a.Precursor to Vitamin D b.Energy metabolism c.Structural molecule d.Production of Bile salts

Energy metabolism

Which chamber of the heart is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the rest of the body? a.Right Ventricle b.Left Ventricle c.Right Atrium d.Left Atrium

Right atrium

Which of the following does NOT contain cholesterol? a.Peanut Butter b.Milk c.Beef d.Lard e.Chicken

peanut butter

Krebs cycle and Electron Transport Chain are performed by this cell organelle: a.Cytoplasmic membrane b.Cytoplasm c.Mitochondria d.Endoplasmic Reticulum e.Ribosome

Mitochondria

The sphincter that controls the rate of chyme passing from the stomach into the duodenum is called: a.Epiglottis b.Esophageal c.Cardiac d.Pyloric e.Gastric

pyloric

When glucose is metabolized aerobically, it is utilized completely to turn into: a.Alcohol b.Carbon dioxide and water c.Lactic acid d.Carbon monoxide

carbon dioxide and water

In the absence of oxygen, glucose can be used anaerobically to yield per each glucose molecule a.2 ATP’s b.4 ATP’s c.28 ATP’s d.38 ATP’s e.17 ATP’s

2 ATP's

Most electrolytes and water are absorbed in this part of the intestine: a.stomach b.duodenum c.Jejunum d.Ileum e.Colon

Colon

Which one is NOT one of the three steps in Cellular Aerobic Respiration? a.Krebs cycle b.Glycolysis c.Fermentation d.Electron Transport Chain

fermentation

Aerobic respiration of 1 glucose molecule can yield up to: a.2 ATP’s b.4 ATP’s c.28 ATP’s d.38 (36) ATP’s

38 ATP's

Pancreas is an important accessory digestive organ necessary for Nutrient Processing. Which of the following is NOT produced by the Pancreas? a. Amylase b.Lipase c.Protease d.Insulin e.Bile

Bile

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach? a.storing the bolus b.secreting Intrinsic Factor, Hydrochloric acid c.vitamin and mineral absorption d.churning the food and turning it into Chyme

Vitamin and mineral absorption

Which of the following organs of the digestive system is NOT a part of the Gastrointestinal tract, but serves as an Accessory Digestive organ? a.Duodenum b.Esophagus c.Jejunum d.Liver e.Ileum

Liver

Which one of the following is Incorrect about glycogen? a.You can store maximum 10 lb of glycogen b.When glycogen stores are filled to capacity, the excess glucose will be turned into fat c.Glycogen is meant to be used as an emergency source of carbohydrate in case of fasting d.When fasting, glycogen is used first

You can store maximum 10 lb of glycogen

The neurons that carry action potential toward the brain are called: a.Sensory (Afferent) b.Efferent c.Motor d.Interneurons e.Somatic

Sensory (Afferent)

Match the steps of the Reflex Arc with the events: Interneurons Sensory Neuron Signal is carried by sensory neurons toward the CNS (spinal cord) Motor Neurons (efferent neuron)

1. Sensory Neuron 2. signal carried by sensory Neurons 3. Interneurons 4. motor neurons

Which of the following is one of the effects of the Parasympathetic NS Subdivision? a.Pupils dilate b.Bronchi dilate c. Gall Bladder contracts d.Heart Rate increases

Gall bladder contracts

Skeletal Muscle contraction is stimulated by: a.Somatic Neurons b.Autonomic neurons c.Sympathetic neurons d.Parasympathetic neurons e.Afferent neurons

Somatic Neurons

The Peripheral nervous System division is Somatic (Voluntary) and Autonomic (Involuntary) True or False

True

After glycogen stores are built to their maximum, excess glucose is converted into: a.ATPs b.Lactic Acid c.Fats d.Proteins

Fats

Which of the following parts of the Neuron receives the impulses from preceding neurons? a.Axon b.Axon terminals c.Soma d.Dendrites e.Myelin

Dendrites

Which of the following is NOT true about metabolism of starvation? a.Glycogen gets used first b.First week of fasting yields 10 pounds of fat loss c.Brain requires glucose for energy

First week of fasting yields 10 pounds of fat loss

Complete this sentence: Leptin is a hormone produced… a.by the brain to burn fat b.by fat cells and it helps regulate the energy balance by stimulating hunger c.by fat cells and it helps regulate the energy balance by suppressing hunger d.by fat tissue to stimulate hunger perception by the brain

By fat cells and it helps regulate the energy by suppressing hunger